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51 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
- 3rd side (hint)
Active Listening
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Eyes on speaker; body language; raising hand to speak
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Formative Assessment
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takes place during the instructions
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Summative Assessment
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takes place after the instruction is done
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Primary Sources
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Letters, diaries, speeches, and interviews
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Secondary Sources
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Summaries, Commentaries, reviews, and interpretations of primary sources
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Shared Book Experience
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use big books, include discussion, reread with whole group
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Concept of Print
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environmental print; Left-to-right; read from top to bottom; beginning to end
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Teaching key details & main ideas
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have plays, think-alouds, and graphic organizers
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Phonics
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Morphology, Syllabication, and word/letter sounds
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Developing Fluency
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modeling, reader's theater, repeated reading, and paired reading
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Scaffolding (Schema theory)
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Accommodations and Assimilation
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Morphology
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study of word structure
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Alphabetic Principle
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understanding that words are made of letters and letters represent sounds
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Orthography
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art of writing words with the proper letters. The conventional spelling system of language
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Onset
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initial letter sound befor the vowel
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Rime
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everything after the vowel
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Comb's three stages of literacy
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emerging, developing, and transitional
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Emerging literacy stage
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making transition from speaking to writing and reading, with support of others, readings involves predictable books, and shared reading
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Developing stage
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independent in reading, writing, and speaking, middle-first to late second grade level. Text should include words that follow a pattern and have a predictable sound
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Transitional literacy stage
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instructional reading level of second grade or beyond; ideally spend most time with independent and instructional level materials.
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Analytic phonics
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using phonics in context with actual materials
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Synthetic phonices
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phonics taught in isolation from meaningful books and materials, often using worksheets
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Structural analysis
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breaking a word into its parts, or syllables; separating prefixes and suffixes from the root
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vowel/consonant vowel and vowel consonant/consonant vowel rules
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Retell
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another type of assessment used to tell a story back
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Miscue analysis
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assessment of missed words; looks for patterns
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Phonemic Awareness
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ability to hear and manipulate individual phonemes, and large units of sound such as onsets and rimes and syllables
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Prosody
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patterns of stress and intonation in a language
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Receptive Vocabulary
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comprehension vocabulary used by a person in slient reading and learning
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Expressive Vocabulary
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total range of language which can be produced by a person
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Semantics
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the meaning of a word, phrase, sentence, or text
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Elkonin Boxes
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a strategy for segmenting sounds in a word that involves drawing a box to represent each sound in a word
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Phonemes
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are the speech sounds 44 in English
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Graphemes
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are written symbols for the speech sounds. Letters in the alphabet, 26 letters in the English alphabet
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Invented Spelling
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invented spellings by applying their understanding of the spelling rules
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Spelling Development
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precommunication, prephonetic, phontic, transitional, correct spelling/conventional spelling stages
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Precommunication
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when students randomly use letters
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Prephonetic Stage
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when students begins to use some letter correctly
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Phonetic Stages
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when students spell the words that way the sound
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Transitional Stage
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students use both correct and phonetic spelling
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Narrative map
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lists the sequence of events in a story from the first to the last event, can be used in many fictional genres
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Haiku
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a lyric verse from that has three unrhymed lines of five, seven, and five syllables
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Language experience approach
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attempts to facilitate students' language development through the use of experiences, rather than with printed material alone. After an event or experience the students make a written record of it as a group with the teacher help
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Types of writing
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narrative, persuasive, descriptive, and journaling
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Traits of writing
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tone, purpose, and audience
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Types of text
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narrative, expository, persuasive
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Structure of text
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story, grammar, comparison, cause/effect
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Writing expectations
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words to phrases to transitions
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Stages of writing development
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language, experience, approach, developmental spelling, and handwriting
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Reliability
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the stability of the text. Does the test measure an ability consistently over time or consistently across equivalent forms?
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Validity
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how well a test measures what it is designed to measure
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Informal Assessment
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given throughout the year to individuals or groups for specific instructional purposes; interviews, running record, portfolios, observations, and informal reading inventory
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