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65 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
Contraction
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systol
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pulse
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sphygm/o
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expansion
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diastol
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fast
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tachy
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to listen to
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auscultat
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pertaining to
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ic
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slow
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brady
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heart
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card
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dark blue
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cyan
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condition of
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osis
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A harsh, high-pitched airway sound
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stridor
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assessment by listening with a stethoscope
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auscultation
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assessment by feeling
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palpation
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conditions that you can observe
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signs
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pressure in the arteries when the heart's left ventricle contracts
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systolic blood pressure
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pressure in the arteries when the heart's left ventricle rests
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diastolic blood pressure
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conditions that must be described by the patient
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symptoms
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in the adult, a pulse rate less than 60 beats per minute
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bradycardia
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the difference between the systolic and diastolic blood pressures
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pulse pressure
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in the adult, a pulse rate greater than 100 beats per minute
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tachycardia
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name the six vital signs used to assess patient by emt
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breathing, pulse, pupils, blood pressure, pulse oximeter, skin
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breathing is usually assessed by counting the number of respirations in:
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30 seconds and then multiplying by 2
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chest wall motion of about a 1-inch expansion, no use of accessory muscles of breathing, and an exhalation of about twice the length of the inhalation. What type of breathing is this?
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normal respirations
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assessing the quality of a patient's breathing provides the emt with what critical information?
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the depth of respirations (how much air the patient is moving in and out, this is known as tidal volume) and how well it is moving (whether there are difficulties moving the air in and out)
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A
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carotid
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b
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brachial
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c
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radial
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d
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femoral
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e
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posterior tibial
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f
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dorsalis pedis
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in most cases, to assess your patient's pulse, palpate the _____ artery and count the number of beats for :
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brachial; 30 seconds then multiply by 2
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to assess the pulse of your 6-month old patient, what would be considered to be an average resting pulse rate?
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120-150 beats per minute
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what is a sign of extreme vasoconstriction or blood loss?
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pale conjunctiva
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when assessing skin color in infants, children, and dark skinned people, the emt should additionally check what?
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palms of hands and soles of feet, nail beds, oral mucosa, and conjunctiva
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how would you assess the relative skin temperature of your patient?
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using back of hand on patient's skin
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what is the correct upper limit for capillary refill time assessed at normal room temperature?
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infants,children, adult men = 2 seconds females=3 seconds elderly patients = 4 seconds
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What is initially assessed when looking at the patient's pupils with a light.
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pupillary size, equality, and reactivity to light
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blood pressure is a reflection of the pressure in ________
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arteries
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When evaluating a patient's blood pressure, it is important to understand that _____
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if the pulse pressure is less than 25% of systolic pressure, it is considered a narrow pulse pressure.
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what is the average blood pressure for a 34 year old female?
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124/82 mmHg.
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when measuring a patient's blood pressure by auscultation, you need to use _______
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sphygmomanometer and a stethoscope
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measuring blood pressure step one
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position the patient's arm
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measuring blood pressure step two
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palpate the radial pulse, inflate to 70mmHg and increase by 10mmHg until radial pulse is no longer palpable. note the number and deflate the cuff
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measuring blood pressure step three
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place stethoscope in your ears
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measuring blood pressure step four
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inflate cuff 30mmHg above noted number
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measuring blood pressure step five
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deflate cuff at 2mmHg per second
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measuring blood pressure step six
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note systolic and diastolic sounds
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how often should vital signs be taken in a stable patient?
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every 15 minutes
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What does the acronym SAMPLES stand for?
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sign or symptoms, allergies, medications, past history, last oral intake, events leading to illness.
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"(SAMPLE) medical alert tag notes ""reacts to penicillin"""
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allergies
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(SAMPLE) patient ate large meal 2 hours ago
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last oral intake
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(SAMPLE) patient complains of nausea
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symptoms
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(SAMPLE) patient requires insulin daily to control diabetes
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medications
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(SAMPLE) patient diagnosed with emphysema 10 years ago
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pertinent medical history
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(SAMPLE) patient has chest pain that radiates down the left arm
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symptoms
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(SAMPLE) mother reports that patient gets rashes from poison ivy
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allergies
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patient was outside shoveling snow
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events leading up to injury
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obvious deformity noted in right lower leg
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symptom
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patient has taken only small amounts of liquids since early morning
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last oral intake
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patient takes aspirin two to three times each day for arthritis pain
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medications
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husband says patient has had epilepsy since head injury last year
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pertinent medical history
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a paramedic asks you to help him test orthostatic vital signs on a patient you are both treating. this test is conducted to help determine if
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there is significant blood or fluid loss
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what is pulse oximetry?
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a method of detecting hypoxia in patients and monitoring the effectiveness of airway and ventilation therapy.
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a 65 year old male patient presents with severe respiratory distress. the patient is leaning slightly forward and is displaying excessive abdominal muscle use in an effort to breathe. this is most likely to indicate that the patient is:
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if patient uses muscles in neck and chest they have trouble inhaling and if patient uses abdominal muscles they have trouble exhaling.
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What does the acronym OPQRST stand for?
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"onset
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