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49 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
Psychoanalysis |
Holds the assumption that personality is based on unconscious motives or desires, sex and aggression and all behavior has a cause. |
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Background |
- cocaine experiment for athletes - Joseph Breuer (catharsis, transference, free association, analysis of transference and counter transference) - Jean Charcot (hypnosis) Hysteria is a: 1.) Psychological Disorder 2.) Has a sexual basis - Free Association .) Has a sexual basis- Free Association- Self Analysis- Interpretation of Dreams - Self Analysis - Interpretation of Dreams |
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Twin Corner Stone of Psychoanalysis |
Sex and Aggression |
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Why So Interesting? |
1.) Twin cornerstone 2.) Language usage 3.) Spread beyond it's Viennese Origins |
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Freud's Basis |
1.) Experience with clients 2.) Analysis of Freud's own dreams 3.) Various readings on sciences and humanities |
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Provinces of the Mind |
Id, Ego and Superego |
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Id |
- Oral Phase - Pleasure Principle - Primary process - The reservoir of instincts - No contact with reality |
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Ego |
- Anal Phase - Realistic Principle - Secondary Process - Rational Master of the personality |
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Superego |
- After Phallic Oedipus's phase - Moralistic and Idealistic Principles |
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2 subsystem of superego |
Conscience and Ego-ideal |
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Conscience |
Results from punishment for improper behavior and tells us what we should not do |
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Guilt (function of the conscience) |
Is the result when ego acts or intends to act contrary to the moral standards of the Superego |
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Feelings of inferiority (function of the Ego ideal) |
Arises when the ego is unable to meet the Superego standards for perfection |
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Ego Ideal |
Results from rewards for proper behavior and tells us what we should do |
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Levels of mental life |
Unconscious, preconscious and conscious |
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Unconscious |
- drives, urges and instincts that are beyond our awareness but nevertheless motivates most our word, feelings and actions - How can we know if it exist A. Dreams B. Slips of the tongue C. Certain kinds of forgetting |
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Origin/path of Anxiety |
Punishment ⏩ Suppression ⏩Anxiety ⏩ Repression |
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Phylogenetic Endowment |
- Is similar to Jung's collective unconscious but Freud only use it as a last resort |
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Preconscious |
- All those elements that are not conscious but can become conscious either quiet readily or with some difficulty Sources of Preconscious 1.) Conscious peception 2.) Unconscious peception |
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Conscious |
- those elements that are in awareness at any given point in time 2 Different Direction of Consciousness 1.) Perceptual conscious system - Conscious images came from our senses of the external stimulus 2.) Mental Structure - includes non - threatening ideas escaped from the preconscious |
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Pleasure seeking person |
- is dominated by the id |
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Guilt- ridden and inferior feeling person |
- is dominated by the superego |
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A Psychologically healthy person |
- is dominated by the ego |
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Dynamics of Personality |
- A motivationally principle to explain the driving forces behind people's action Includes: A. Drives B. Anxiety |
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Drive |
- a constant motivational force
Drive is characterized by: 1.) Impetus - the amount of force it exerts 2.) Source - the region of the body in a state of excitation or tension 3.) Aim - to seek pleasure by removing that excitation or reducing the tension 4.) Object - the person or thing that serves as a means through which the aim is satisfied |
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2 Major Drives |
Sex and aggression |
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Sex Drive (Eros) |
- The primary aim is pleasure but not limited on satisfying the genitals - Libido (sexual energy) - Erogenous Zones (mouth, anus and genitals) - part of the body capable of producing sexual pleasure |
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Different forms of sex |
1.) Narcissism (self love) A. Primary narcissism - infants are primarily self centered with their libido invested almost exclusively on their own ego B. Secondary narcissism - redirecting back their libido back to their ego and become preoccupied with personal appearance and other self interests 2.) Eros (Love) - Develops when people invested their libido onto another objects or person other than themselves A. Aim-inhibited love - the kind of love for parents and siblings |
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Sadism |
The need for sexual pleasure by inflicting pain or humiliating others |
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Masochism |
Need for sexual pleasure from suffering pain and humiliation inflicted by either self or others |
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Aggression (thanatos) |
- The aim is to return the organism into an inorganic state |
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Anxiety |
A felt, affective, unpleasant state accompanied by physical sensation and warns the person against impending danger |
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3 kinds of Anxiety |
1.) Neurotic Anxiety (Id) - Apprehension about an unknown danger 2.) Moral Anxiety (Superego) - conflict between the ego and the Superego 3.) Realistic Anxiety (Ego) - unpleasant, non specific feeling involving a possible danger
Anxiety as Ego Preserving - signals us that some danger is at hand Anxiety as self regulating - it precipitates repression, which in turn reduces anxiety or pain |
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Defense Mechanism |
Repression Sublimation Displacement Denial Reaction formation Projection Rationalization (sour grape, sweet lemon) Compensation Regression Introjection Undoing |
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Stages of Development |
Infantile, latency, genital and maturity |
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Oral Phase |
- gains pleasure through sucking - Early Oral Activity - incorporate or receive into ones body the object choice which is the nipple - Oral Receptive - need usually satisfied with a minimum of anxiety or frustration - Oral Sadistic Period - biting, cooing, smiling and crying etc. |
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Anal Phase |
- Satisfaction gained through aggressive behavior and through excretory function - Early anal period - gained satisfaction by losing and destroying objects - Late anal period - friendly interest towards their feces - Anal Character - satisfaction by keeping and possessing objects and arranging them in excessively neat and orderly fashion - Anal Triad 1.) Orderliness 2.) Stinginess 3.) Obstinacy |
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Phallic Phase |
- genital area becomes the leading Erogenous zone - Oedipus complex Male Simple Male OC Complete Male OC Castration Anxiety Identification with parents
Female Penis Envy Simple Female OC Identification with parents * 3 rebel ways of girls 1.) Give up sexuality and develop an extreme hostility towards their mother 2.) Cling dmasculinitt their masculini
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Latency (6-puberty) |
Sex instinct is dormant |
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Genital (12 onwards) |
Adult Relationships |
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Free Association |
- from catharsis - patients will say whatever comes to mind - resistance ( refusal to disclose painful memories) |
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Dream Analysis |
- Process of of turning the manifest content to a latent content Manifest Content - the dream of the dreamer Latent Content - unconscious meaning or hidden meaning of dreams Condensation- the unconscious interpretation of various symbols and words to a single entity with several meanings |
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Drive Reduction |
Eliminating or decreasing the discomfort and tension of a drive which then satisfies the underlying Psychological need. The major source of pleasure for Freud. |
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Over determination |
The numerous major cause of most behaviors |
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Parapraxis |
Freudian Slip, accidentally say something that may have unconscious interpretation |
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Primal Scene |
Observing ones parents sexual intercourse |
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Days Residue |
Memories of a preceding day triggers a dream because they are related to some important unconscious issues |
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Dream Work |
Converting the latent dream thoughts to manifest content |
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Insight |
- an emotional and intellectual understanding of the causes and Dynamics of one's behavior - the process of bringing up unconscious material to consciousness |