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81 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
Agni
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vedic: Terrestrial agni (fire)
in Hinduism, the god of fire |
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Akbar
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the third Mughal Emperor (china)
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Analects
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also known as the Analects of Confucius, are considered a record of the words and acts of the central Chinese thinker and philosopher Confucius and his disciples, as well as the discussions they held.
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Anitya
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Impermenence
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Arthashastra
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refers to a tradition of political statecraft that arose in India, which is epitomized by the treatise on rulership, economic policy and military strategy written by Kautilya (c. 350-283 B.C.E.)
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Aryans
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Hindu/Indian people
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Ashoka
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popularly known as Ashoka the Great, was an Indian emperor of the Maurya Dynasty who ruled almost all of the Indian subcontinent from ca. 269 BC to 232 BC
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atman
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a Sanskrit word that means 'self'. In Hindu philosophy, especially in the Vedanta school of Hinduism it refers to one's true self beyond identification with phenomena
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avatar
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a deliberate descent of a deity from heaven to earth
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bhakti
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in Hinduism, the practice of loving devotion to God as the means of salvation
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Book of Changes
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i ching: the most widely read of the five Chinese Classic
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Brahman
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first caste: in Hinduism, the ultimate impersonal reality underlying everything in the universe, from which everything comes and to which it returns
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Cantonese
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the Chinese language of Guangzhou (Canton) and the province of Guangdong, China, also widely spoken elsewhere in the world.
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Chamars
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lowest caste: considered unpure, untouchables, used to make leather (dealing w/ death)
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Deccan
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is a large plateau in India, making up the majority of the southern part of the country
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dharma
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in Hinduism, somebody's duty to behave according to strict religious and social codes, or the righteousness earned by performing religious and social duties
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duhkha
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Dis-ease: duhkha (3 marks): duhkha, anityata, anatman
suffering, pain, discontent, unsatisfactoriness, unhappiness, sorrow, affliction, anxiety, dissatisfaction, discomfort, anguish, stress, misery, and frustration. |
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Five Pillars
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five basic acts in Islam, considered obligatory for all Muslims.
(1) the shahada (creed) (2) daily prayers (salat) (3) fasting during Ramadan (sawm), (4) almsgiving (zakat) (5) the pilgrimage to Mecca (hajj) at least once in a lifetime |
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Ganges
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second largest river on the Indian subcontinent by discharge
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Grand Canal
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also known as the Beijing-Hangzhou Grand Canal (simplified Chinese: 京杭大运河; traditional Chinese: 京杭大運河; pinyin: Jīng Háng Dà Yùnhé) is the longest canal or artificial river in the world.[1] Starting at Beijing, it passes through Tianjin and the provinces of Hebei, Shandong, Jiangsu and Zhejiang to the city of Hangzhou. The oldest parts of the canal date back to the 5th century BC, although the various sections were finally combined during the Sui Dynasty (581–618 CE).
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Guanyin
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the bodhisattva associated with compassion as venerated by East Asian Buddhists, usually as a female
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Han (people)
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the majority ethnic group of China.
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Harappa
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an archaeological site in Punjab, northeast Pakistan, about 35 km (22 mi) west of Sahiwal
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Himalayas
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the highest mountain range in the world, extend along the northern frontiers of Pakistan, India, Nepal, Bhutan, and Burma
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Hindi
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an Indic official language of India that developed from a literary form of Hindustani and is widely used as a lingua franca in many parts of the world.
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Indra
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in Vedic mythology, a powerful warrior god and the ruler of the sky and weather. He became a subordinate god in later Hindu mythology
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Indus
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a major river which flows through Pakista
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jajmani system
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Jajmani system interrelates families: wealthy families as Jajmans (patrons), Poor ones as Kamins (clients).
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karma
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in Indian religions is the concept of "action" or "deed", understood as that which causes the entire cycle of cause and effect
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Kashmir
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the northwestern region of the Indian subcontinent.
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Kautilya
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Hindu statesman and philosopher who wrote a classic treatise on polity, Artha-shastra (“The Science of Material Gain”), a compilation of almost everything that had been written in India up to his time regarding artha (property, economics, or material success).
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kshyatriyas
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kings of india
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Laozi
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a mystic philosopher of ancient China, and best known as the author of the Tao Te Ching. His association with the Tao Te Ching has led him to be traditionally considered the founder of Taoism (also spelled "Daoism").
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Laws of Manu
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the most important and earliest metrical work of the Dharmaśāstra textual tradition of Hinduism
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Mahabharata
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one of India's two great national epic poems, with nearly 100,000 verses, written in Sanskrit from about 300 bc. It tells of the great war in northern India between the Pandava and Kaurava families. The "Bhagavad-Gita" is the most celebrated section of the Mahabharata.
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Mahayana Buddhism
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Mahāyāna" also refers to the path of seeking complete enlightenment for the benefit of all sentient beings, also called "Bodhisattvayāna", or the "Bodhisattva Vehicle."[1][2]
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Mandarin
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an influential member of an elite group, especially a literary or intellectual group
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Mauryan Empire
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a geographically extensive and powerful empire in ancient India, ruled by the Mauryan dynasty from 321 to 185 BC. Originating from the kingdom of Magadha in the Indo-Gangetic plains (modern Bihar, eastern Uttar Pradesh and Bengal) in the eastern side of the Indian subcontinent, the empire had its capital city at Pataliputra (modern Patna).[
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Mohenjo-Daro
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situated in the province of Sindh, Pakistan, was one of the largest city-settlements of the Indus Valley Civilization.
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Mughal Empire
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a member of a Muslim dynasty of Mongol origin that ruled large parts of India from 1526 to 1857
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li (ceremony, propriety)
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the Confucian concept of ritual
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macroregions
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a geopolitical subdivision that encompasses several traditionally or politically defined regions.
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Mahabharata
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one of India's two great national epic poems, with nearly 100,000 verses, written in Sanskrit from about 300 bc. It tells of the great war in northern India between the Pandava and Kaurava families. The "Bhagavad-Gita" is the most celebrated section of the Mahabharata.
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Mandate of Heaven
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a traditional Chinese philosophical concept concerning the legitimacy of rulers.
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Master Kong
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Confucius
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(Confucius)
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a Chinese thinker and social philosopher of the Spring and Autumn Period.
The philosophy of Confucius emphasized personal and governmental morality, correctness of social relationships, justice and sincerity |
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Master Meng (Mencius)
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was a Chinese philosopher who was arguably the most famous Confucian after Confucius himself.
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nirvana
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in Hinduism, Buddhism, and Jainism, the attainment of enlightenment and freeing of the spiritual self from attachment to worldly things, ending the cycle of birth and rebirth
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Panjabi
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an Indo-Aryan language spoken by inhabitants of the historical Punjab region
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patriarchy
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a social system in which the role of the male as the primary authority figure is central to social organization
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Purusha
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is the "self" which pervades the universe. The Vedic divinities are considered to be the human mind's interpretation of the many facets of Purusha.
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qi (ch'i; life force)
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energy
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Qin Shihuang
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a dynasty in ancient China that ruled from 221 until 206 bc, during which the first unified Chinese empire emerged and much of the Great Wall of China was built
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Qing (Manchu) Dynasty
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the last of the Chinese dynasties, founded by the conquering Manchu who ruled from 1644 until 1912, when the nationalist revolutionaries overthrew it
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Qur’an
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the religious text of Islam, also sometimes transliterated as Quran, Kuran, Koran, Qur'ān, Coran or al-Qur'ān.
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raja
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india king or emperor
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Rama
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in Hinduism, an incarnation avatar of the god Vishnu
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Ramayana
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a great epic of the Hindu religion and of classical Sanskrit literature that tells of the adventures of Rama, an incarnation avatar of the god Vishnu
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ren (jen; benevolence)
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The one essential virtue, ren (jen, benevolence, humanity) manifested itself variously in human relationships, becoming filial piety towards parents, respect towards elder siblings, and benevolence towards those less fortunate.
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sangha
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the monastic order or community in the Buddhist religion
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Sanskrit
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an Indo-European language that is the ancestor of most of the languages of northern South Asia and of Sri Lanka. The language of the Vedas and other Hindu scriptures, classical literature, and a vast body of scientific, philosophical, and religious scholarship, it is now used by a tiny minority, but its cultural influence far outstrips its tiny base of speakers
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shudras
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the lowest of the four Hindu castes, the members of which were segregated as ritually unclean by the other castes because they performed tasks that were regarded as polluting. There is a wide range of subgroups within the Sudra caste, some being landowners.
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Sufism
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a Muslim mystic
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Tao (Dao)
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in Taoist philosophy, the order and wisdom of individual life, and the way that this harmonizes with the universe as a whole
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Theravada Buddhism
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the doctrines of the Hinayana Buddhists
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Three Jewels
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the Buddha, the Dharma, the Sangh
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Vaishyas
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age of retirement for another 25 years ("anchorite life")
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Vedas
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one of the ancient pieces of writing that are an important part of the Hindu religion
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samsara
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in Hinduism, the endless cycle of birth, life, death, and rebirth
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Shiva
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in Hinduism, an important deity, worshipped as the god of destruction
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Silk Road
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an extensive interconnected network of trade routes across the Asian continent connecting East, South, and Western Asia with the Mediterranean world, as well as North and Northeast Africa and Europe.
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Tamil
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a member of a Dravidian people who live in southern India and northern Sri Lanka
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Upanishads
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a sacred Sanskrit text belonging to a set that forms the basis for Hindu philosophy and doctrine. They date from 400 bc and represent the last stage in the tradition of the Vedas, the most ancient of Hindu
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Vindhyas
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a range of older rounded mountains and hills in the west-central Indian subcontinent, which geographically separates the Indian subcontinent into northern India (the Indo-Gangetic plain) and Southern India.
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wet rice agriculture
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Southern india and china, coastal india.
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xiao (filial devotion)
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a very ancient Chinese instrument usually thought to have developed from a simple end-blown flute used by the Qiang people of Southwest China. The modern six-hole form of the instrument goes back to the Ming Dynasty.
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Yangtze River
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the longest river in Asia, and the third-longest in the world. It flows for 6,418 kilometres (3,988 mi) from the glaciers on the Tibetan Plateau in Qinghai eastward across southwest, central and eastern China before emptying into the East China Sea at Shanghai.
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Yellow River
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second-longest river in China (after the Yangtze River) and the sixth-longest in the world at the estimated length of 5,464 kilometers (3,395 mi)
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yin-yang
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he principle of darkness, negativity, and femininity in Chinese philosophy that is the counterpart of yang. The dual, opposite, and complementary principles of yin and yang are thought to exist in varying proportions in all things.
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Yuan (Mongol) Dynasty
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a ruling dynasty founded by the Mongol leader Kublai Khan, who ruled most of present-day China, all of modern Mongolia and its surrounding areas,[2] lasting officially from 1271[3] to 1368
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Zhou Dynasty
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The Zhou Dynasty originated from the Zhou clan whose existence stretches back into history. By the 11th Century BC, the Zhou Clan had become increasingly powerful and had extended throughout the present Shaanxi and Gansu Provinces. The Zhou Clan's mightiness increasingly menaced the Shang Dynasty and the conflict between the two groups intensified
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