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11 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
Respiration
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-Oxidation of organic molecules
-Supplies energy in a form available to do work in the cell -Produces intermediate carbon compounds essential for continued growth and metabolism of cells |
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Anaerobic respiration
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Does not involve molecular oxygen
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Aerobic respiration
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Requires molecular oxygen
occurs in mitochondria |
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Glycolysis
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-happens in the cytoplasm
-breaking down of glucose Results 2 molecules of pyruvic acid 4 ATP molecules 2 NADH molecules Net yield 2 ATP molecules 2 NADH molecules |
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Phosphorylation
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Preparation of six-carbon sugar for reaction by addition of phosphate from ATP
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Sugar cleavage
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Splitting of the sugar phosphate into two three-carbon fragments
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Pyruvate formation
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Oxidation of fragments to form pyruvic acid with the formation of NADH and ATP
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Glycolysis - Aerobic respiration
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Pyruvate diffuses into mitochondria
-uses 6 molecules of oxygen -forms 6 molecules of CO2, 6 molecules of H2O + 36 molecules of ATP |
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Glycolysis - Anaerobic respiration
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-Fermentation forms ethyl alcohol and CO2
-Alcohol produced may be toxic to plant -Do not oxidize food completely enough to yield enough energy for life processes |
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Rate of respiration
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quantity of CO2 released or O2 absorbed /unit of cell weight/unit of time
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Environmental Factors Affecting Respiration
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-Rate depends on cell type and age
-water content -Temperature Fluctuations -Limited photosynthesis influences respiration rate -Availability of O2 |