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34 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
Group
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two or more people who identify and interact with eachother
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2 types of social groups
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1) primary-small, members share personal and lasting relationships (ex. family)
2) secondary-large and impersonal group whose members pursue a goal/purpose |
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2 roles of leadership
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1) insrumental-concerned with getting the task completed (ex. secondary)
2) expressive-concerned with the well being of the group (ex. primary) |
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3 types of leadearship
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1) authoritarian-focused on completeing the task, uses punishment, very effective
2) democratic-everybody contributes to solving the problem, moderately effective 3) laizze-faire-leave it alone, group functions as a set of individuals, not effective |
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Solomon Asch
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people will conform even if its against their judgement
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Milgram
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conformity to authority expirament
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Janis
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group think-group that conforms to a narrow point of view
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3 types of groups
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1) reference group-serves as a point of reference (ex. family)
2) in group-loyalty and respect (close friends) 3) out group-competition |
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3 ways social diversity influences group contact
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1) large groups flock together/turn inward
2) heterogeneous-more diverse groups look for more diversity 3) physical boundaries create social boundaries |
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network
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web of weak social ties
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Milgrams six degrees of seperation theory
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any two people are seperated by 6 degrees (ex. chain letters)
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formal organization
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large secondary group organized to achieve goals efficiently
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3 types of formal organization
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1) utilitarian-jobs
2) normative- PTA, red cross 3) coercive-prison |
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bureaucracy
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organizational model designed to perform tasks efficiently
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webers 6 elements to an ideal bureaucratic organization
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1) specialization, 2) hierarchy, 3) rules and regulations, 4) technical competance, 5) impersonality, 6) formal written communications
-limits to creativity, freedom, and choice |
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webers question
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can our rationale be irrational?
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social stratification
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system of ranking people in a hierarchy
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4 principles of social stratification
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1) trait of society, not individual
2) carries over from generation to generation 3) universal but variable 4) involves not just inequality but beliefs as well |
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caste system
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social stratification based on birth
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characteristics of a caste system
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1) family in caste system generally perform one type of work
2) people must marry within same caste 3) expected to associate with only your social ranking 4) based on cultural beliefs |
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social mobility
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the ability to change posistion in society
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apartheid
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seperation of race, south african dutch immigrant policy
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class system
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based on both birth and individual achievements
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characteristics of a class system
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1) school/skills gives you ability for social mobility
2) class distinctions are blurred 3) categorizing people is seen as wrong 4) choice of work/marriage 5) social posistion is not fixed by birth |
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Meritocracy
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social stratification based on personal merit
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ideology
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beliefs that support or justify social patterns
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davis-moore thesis
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social stratification has beneficial consequences for society
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reasons why capitalism has not yet failed
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1) fragmentation of capitalist class (ex. stockholder)
2) higher standard of living 3) worker organizations |
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reasons why marx was not wrong about capitalism
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1) wealth still centered as top of society
2) white collar jobs offer no more protection than blue collar jobs 3) worker benefits come from class struggle 4) ordinary people are disadvantaged by the law |
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webers 3 dimensions of social inequality
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1) class
2) status 3) power |
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socioeconomic status (SES)
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the amount of money that you have equals your status
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conspicuous consumption
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when you buy something specifically to show that you are wealthy
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effects of technology on stratification
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1) hunter-gatherers, simple technology, pure communism
2) horticulturists/pastoralists, produce surplus, social elites 3) industrialized society, specialization of labor, literacy allows for social equality 4) post industrialized societies, inequality may return, corperate elites |
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kuznets curve
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social stratification comes with technological development
industrialization=stratification |