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164 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
adenoids
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collections of lymph tissue in the nasopharynx
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alveoulus
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air sac in the lung
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apex of the lung
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uppermost portion of the lung
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base of the lung
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lower portion of the lung
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bronchioles
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smallest branches of the bronchi
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bronchus
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branch of the trachea that acts as a passageway into the air spaces of the lung
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carbon dioxide
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a gas produced by body cells when O2 and food combine
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cilia
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thin hairs attached to the mucous membrane epithelium lining the respiratory tract
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diaphragm
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muscle separating the chest and abdomen
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epiglottis
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lid-like piece of cartilage that covers the larynx
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exhalation
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breathing out
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external respiration
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exchange of gases in the lung
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glottis
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the opening to the larynx
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hilum (of lung)
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midline region where the bronchi, blood vessels, and nerves enter and exit the lungs
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inhalation
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breathing in
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internal respiration
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exchange of gases in the lungs
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larynx
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voice box
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lobes
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divisions of the lungs
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mediastinum
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region between the lungs in the chest cavity; contains trachea, heart, aorta, esophagus and bronchial tubes
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oxygen
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gas that passes into the bloodstream at the lungs and travels to all body cells
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palatine tonsils
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rounded masses of lymph tissue in the oropharynx
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paranasal sinuses
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air-containing cavities in the bones near the nose
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parietal pleura
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the outer fold of pleura lying closest to the ribs and wall of the thoracic cavity
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pharynx
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throat; composed of nasopharynx, oropharynx, and laryngopharynx
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internal respiration
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exchange of gases in the lungs
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pleura
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double-folded membrane surrounding each lung
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larynx
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voice box
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pleural cavity
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space between the folds of the pleura
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lobes
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divisions of the lungs
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pulmonary parenchyma
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the essential cells of the lung; alveoli and small bronchioles
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mediastinum
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region between the lungs in the chest cavity; contains trachea, heart, aorta, esophagus and bronchial tubes
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trachea
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windpipe
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oxygen
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gas that passes into the bloodstream at the lungs and travels to all body cells
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visceral pleura
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the inner fold of pleura lying closest to the lung tissue
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palatine tonsils
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rounded masses of lymph tissue in the oropharynx
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adenoid/o
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adenoids
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paranasal sinuses
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air-containing cavities in the bones near the nose
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parietal pleura
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the outer fold of pleura lying closest to the ribs and wall of the thoracic cavity
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pharynx
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throat; composed of nasopharynx, oropharynx, and laryngopharynx
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pleura
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double-folded membrane surrounding each lung
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pleural cavity
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space between the folds of the pleura
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pulmonary parenchyma
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the essential cells of the lung; alveoli and small bronchioles
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trachea
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windpipe
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visceral pleura
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the inner fold of pleura lying closest to the lung tissue
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adenoid/o
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adenoids
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alveoul/o
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alveoulus, air sacs
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bronch/o
bronchi/o |
bronchial tube, bronchus
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bronchiol/o
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bronchiole, small bronchus
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capn/o
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carbon dioxide
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coni/o
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dust
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cyan/o
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blue
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epiglott/o
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epiglottis
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laryng/o
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larynx, voice box
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lob/o
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lobe of the lung
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mediastin/o
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mediastinum
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nas/o
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nose
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orth/o
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straight, upright
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ox/o
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oxygen
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pector/o
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chest
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pharyng/o
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pharynx, throat
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phon/o
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voice
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phren/o
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diaphragm
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pleur/o
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pleura
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pneum/opneumon/o
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air, lung
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pulmon/o
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lung
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rhin/o
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nose
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sinus/o
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sinus, cavity
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spir/o
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breathing
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tel/o
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complete
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thorac/o
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chest
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tonsill/o
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tonsils
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trache/o
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trachea, windpipe
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-ema
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condition
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-osmia
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smell
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-pnea
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breathing
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-ptysis
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spitting
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-sphyxia
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pulse
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-thorax
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pleural cavity, chest
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auscultation
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listening to the sounds within the body
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percussion
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tapping on a surface to determine the difference in the density of the underlying structure
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pleural rub
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grating sound produced by the motion of pleural surfaces rubbing against each other; also called a friction rub
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rales (crackles)
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abnormal crackling sounds heard during inspiration when there is fluid, blood, or pus in the alveoli
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sputum
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material expelled from the chest by coughing or clearing the throat
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stridor
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a strained, high-pitched, noisy sound made on inspiration; it is associated with obstruction of the larynx, trachea, or a bronchus
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wheezes
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musical counds usually heard during expiration
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croup
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acute respiratory syndrome in children and infants; characterized by obstruction of the larynx, barking cough, and stridor
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diptheria
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acute infection of the throat and upper respiratory tract caused by diptheria bacteria
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epistaxis
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nosebleed
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pertussis
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bacterial infection of the pharynx, larynx, and trachea caused by Bordatella pertussis, a highly contagious bacterium
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asthma
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spasm and narrowing of bronchi, which leads to bronchial airway obstruction
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bronchiectasis
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chronic dilation of a bronchus or bronchi; secondary to infection that usually involves the lower portion of the lung
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bronchogenic carcinoma
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cancerous tumors arising from a bronchus; lung cancer
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chronic bronchitis
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inflammation of the bronchi that persists for a long time
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cystic fibrosis
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inherited disease of exocrine glands that leads to airway obstruction
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atelectesis
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incomplete expansion of alveoli; collapsed, functionless airless lung or portion of a lung
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emphysema
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hyperinflation of air sacs with destruction of alveolar walls
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pneumoconiosis
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abnormal condition caused by dust in the lungs, with chronic inflammation, infection, and bronchitis
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pneumonia
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acute inflammation and infection of alveoli, which fills with pus or products of the inflammatory reaction
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pulmonary abscess
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a large collection of pus in the lungs
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pulmonary edema
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swelling and fluid in the air sacs and bronchioles
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pulmonary embolism
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clot (thrombus) or other material lodges in vessels of the lung
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sarcoidosis
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inflammatory disease in which small nodules or tubercles develop in lungs, lymph nodes, and other organs
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tuberculosis
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an infectious disease caused by Myobacterium tuberculosis; lungs are usually involved, but any organ in the body may be affected
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mesothelioma
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a malignant tumor arising in the pleura
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pleural effusion
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escape of fluid into the pleural cavity
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pleurisy (pleuritis)
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inflammation of the pleura
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pneumothorax
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accumulation of air or gas in the pleural cavity
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anthracosis
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coal dust accumulation in the lungs
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asbestosis
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asbestos particles accumulate in the lungs
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bacilli
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rod-shaped bacteria
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chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD)
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persistent obstruction of air flow through the bronchial tubes and lungs
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cor pulmonale
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failure of the right side of the heart to pump blood to the lungs
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hydrothorax
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collection of fluid in the pleural cavity
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paroxysmal
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pertaining to a sudden occurence, such as a spasm or seizure
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pulmonary infarction
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an area of dead tissue in the lung
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purulent
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pertaining to containing pus
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silicosis
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silica or glass dust in the lungs; occurs in mining occupations
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chest x-ray
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x-ray picture of the chest; tomograms taken at various depths in frontal or sagittal plane
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CT scan of the chest
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computerized reconstruction of a series of x-ray pictures in transverse plane
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pulmonary angiography
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dye injected and x-rays taken of vessels in lung
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MRI scan of the chest
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magnetic waves used to create detailed imaging of the chest
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lung scan or V/Q scan
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radioactive material injected by IV or inhaled; images recorded of its distribution
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bronchoscopy
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lighted flexible fiber-optic tube through nose, throat, larynx, and trachea into the bronchi;
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endotracheal intubation
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tube placed through nose or mouth, through pharynx and larynx and into the trachea to establish an airway and place a person on a ventilator
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laryngoscopy
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visual exam of the larynx with lighted tube
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mediastinoscopy
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visual exam of the mediastinum
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pulmonary function tests
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measure ventilation mechanics of lungs; spirometer (air taken in and out of lungs), forced vital capacity, incentive spirometry
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thoracentesis
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insertion of aneedle between ribs into the pleural space to obtain fluid from pleural cavity
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thoracoscopy
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exam of the pleural space, pleura, and lungs with a scope that is inserted through the ribs
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thoracotomy
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major surgical procedure in which chest is opened for diagnostic or therapeutic procedures
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tracheostomy
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creation of an opening into the trachea through the neck to creat an airway
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tuberculin tests
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Heaf and tine tests or Mantoux test
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tube thoracostomy
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chest tube passed through an incision in skin to continuously drain plural spaces after thoracotomy
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AFB
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acid-fast bacillus (organism causing TB)
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ARDS
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adult respiratory distress syndrome resulting in acute respiratory failure
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Bronch
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bronchoscopy
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COPD
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chronic obstructive pulmonary disease
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CPR
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cardiopulmonary resuscitation
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CTA
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clear to auscultation
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CXR
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chest X-Ray
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DOE
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dyspnea on exertion
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DPT
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diptheria, pertussis, tetanus injection
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FVC
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forced vital capacity
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ICU
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intensive care unit
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IMV
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intermittent mandatory ventilation
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LLL
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left lower lobe
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LUL
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left upper lobe
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MDI
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metered-dose inhaler; used to deliver aerosalized medications
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NSCLC
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non-small cell lung cancer
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pCO2
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carbon dioxide partial pressure amount of CO2 in arterial blood)
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pO2
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oxygen partial pressure (amount of oxygen in arterial blood)
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PCP
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Pneumocytosis carinii pneumonia (a type of pneumonia seen in AIDS patients)
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PEEP
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positive and expiratory pressure
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PFT
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pulmonary function tests
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PND
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paroxysmal nocturnal dyspnea
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PPD
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purified protein derivative (substance in a TB test
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RDS
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respiratory distress syndrome
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RLL
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right lower lobe
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RUL
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right upper lobe
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SCLC
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small cell lung cancer
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SOB
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shortness of breath
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TB
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tuberculosis
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URI
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upper respiratory infection
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V/Q scan
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ventilation-perfusion scan. radioactive test of lung ventilation space and blood perfusion through the lung capillaries
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