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33 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
Virus
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Particle made up of nucleic acid, protein, and in some cases lipids that can replicate only by infecting living cells
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Chemoheterotroph
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Organism that must take in organic molecules for both energy and carbon
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Bacteriophage
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Virus that infects bacteria
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Lytic Cycle
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Process in which a virus embeds its DNA into the DNA of the host cell is replicated along with the host cell’s DNA
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Lysogenic Cycle
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Process by which a virus embeds its DNA into the DNA of the host cell and is replicated along with the host cell’s DNA
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Prophage
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The viral DNA that is embedded in the host cell’s DNA
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Retrovirus
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Virus that contains RNA as its genetic information
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Prokaryote
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A single-celled organism lacking a nucleus
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Bacillus
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Rod-shaped prokaryote
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Spirillum
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Spiral or corkscrew-shaped prokaryote
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Viroid
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Single-stranded RNA molecule that has no surrounding capsids
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Photoautotroph
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Organism that uses energy from sunlight to convert carbon dioxide and water to carbon compounds
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Chemoautotroph
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Organism that makes organic carbon molecules from carbon dioxide using energy from chemical reactions
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Photoheterotroph
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Organism that is photosynthetic but needs organic compounds as a carbon source
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Obligate Aerobe
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Organism that requires a constant supply of oxygen in order to live
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Obligate Anaerobe
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An organism that cannot live in the presence of oxygen
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Capsid
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Outer protein coat of a virus
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Facultative Anaerobe
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Organism that can survive with or without oxygen
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Binary Fission
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Type of asexual reproduction in which an organism replicates its DNA and divides in half, producing two identical daughter cells
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Conjugation
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Form of sexual reproduction in which paramecia and some prokaryotes exchange genetic information
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Endospore
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Type of spore formed when a bacterium produces a thick internal wall that encloses its DNA and a portion of its cytoplasm
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Saprophyte (Saprobe)
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Organism that obtains food from decaying organic matter
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Pathogen
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Disease-causing agent
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Antibiotic
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Compound that blocks the growth and reproduction of bacteria
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Vaccine
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A preparation of weakened or killed pathogens
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Toxin
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A poisonous substance that is a specific product of the metabolic activities of a living organism and is usually very unstable, notably toxic when introduced into the tissues, and typically capable of inducing antibody formation
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Host Cell
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Main Cell???...
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Prion
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Infectious particle made up of protein rather than RNA or DNA
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Coccus
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Spherical prokaryote
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Nitrogen Fixation
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Process of converting nitrogen gas into ammonia
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Diplo-
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double : twofold
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Staphylo-
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any of various nonmotile gram-positive spherical bacteria (especially genus Staphylococcus) that occur singly, in pairs or tetrads, or in irregular clusters and include pathogens which infect skin and mucous membranes
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Strepto-
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twisted : twisted chain
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