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88 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
The power to make law and to frame public policies
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legislative power
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the power to execute, enforce, and administer law
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executive power
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the power to interpret laws, to determine their meaning, and to settle disputes that arise within the society
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judical power
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What are the common features of the first state constitutions?
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popular sovereignty (govt. can only exist with the consent of the governed), limited government, civil rights and liberties, and seperation of powers and checks and balances
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What is the extent of presidential powers?
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power to act as commander in chief of the armed forces, power to grant reprieves and pardons, power to make treaties, and power to appoint major federal officials
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The legislative, executive, and judicial powers of government are distributed-separated-among three distinct and independent branches of the government
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seperation of powers
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What worries did the smaller states have when the constitution was being formed?
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feared that they would not be able to protect their interests
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What is the role of precinct election boards?
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supervises the polling place and the voting process in each precinct; draws precinct lines, fixes the location of each polling place, and picks the members of the precinct boards; opens and closes the polls at the times set by State law, see that the ballots and the ballot boxes are available, and counts the votes cast in each precinct
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What are the different ways to run for President?
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self-announcement, caucus, convention, direct primary, and petition
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What are the reasons for voter registration?
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gives election officials a list of those persons who are qualified to vote and identifies voters in terms of their party preference
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What is the role of minor party candidates?
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"spoiler role"-pull votes from one of the major parties
critic and innovator-draw attention to some issue that the major parties have ignored |
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the power of a court to determine the constitutionality of a government action
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judicial review
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Declares that no state can draw unreasonable distinctions between its own residents and those who live in other staes. However, residents of a state may have certain privliges because they are the taxpayers i.e.-instate tution, lower hunting fees, and holding public office
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Privileges and Immunities Clause
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States credit shall be given by all states to the public acts, records, and judicial proceedings that took place in another state
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Full Faith in Credit Clause
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the legal process by which a fugitive from justice in one state is returned to that state
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extradition
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a highly unreliable polling technique that involves asking the same question to a large number of people. In this technique, there is no reasonably accurate cross section of the population
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straw votes
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What is the impact of mass media on public agenda?
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the media comment and report certain political issues to the public. They may emphasize, downplay, or even ignore certain issues. i.e.-making an issue a "top story" in a news show or putting it on the cover of a newspaper or magazine
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professional group with a very real impact on public policy
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American Medical Association (AMA)
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The national government has delegated powers that are either _____ or ______ in the constituion or are ______
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expressed
implied inherent |
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The state has ___________, which are powers that are not givento the national government or denied to the states
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reserved powers
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gives Congress the power to make all laws "necessary and proper" for executing its powers
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Necessary and Proper Clause
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How does a bill become a law?
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It has to be passed by both houses, voted on,and the president has to sign off on it
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What happened in the McCulloch v. Maryland case?
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Maryland legislature attempted to cripple the Second Bank of the US by placing a tax on all notes issued by its Baltimore branch. James McCulloch refused to pay that tax and was convicted. The court overturned the case. It wasthe first time the court upheld the implied powers.
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the powers that both the National Government and the States possess and exercise
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concurrent powers
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an act directing the people of the territory to frame a proposed state constitution
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enabling act
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the societal problems that the nation's political leaders and the general public agree need government attention
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public agenda
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those attitudes held by a significant number of people on matters of government and politics
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public opinion
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Why are polls taken?
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to collect information by asking questions
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What type of power is the power to coin money?
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expressed
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Where do local governments derive their power from?
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the State
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What does the universe describe?
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the whole population that the poll aims to measure
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Where are young children likely to aquire their values from?
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family, schools, mass media
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the body of fundamental laws setting out the principles, structures, and processes of a government
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constitution
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the power to execute, enorce, and administer law
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executive power
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a centralized government in which all powersheld by the government belong to a single, central agency
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unitary government
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a form of government in which the executive branch ismade up of the prime minister, or premier, and that official's cabinet
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parliamentary government
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a form of government in which the executive and legislative branches of the government are separate, independent of one another, and coequal
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presidential government
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the power to make law and to frame public policies
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legislative power
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each branch is subject to a number of constitutional checks (restraints) by the other branches; each branch has certain powers with which it can check the operations of the other two
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checks and balances
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the first ten amendments to the Constitution which set out the Constitutional guarantees of freedom of belief and expression, of freedom and security of the person, and of fair and equal treatment before the law
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bill of rights
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What does the universe describe?
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the whole population that the poll aims to measure
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Where are young children likely to aquire their values from?
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family, schools, mass media
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the body of fundamental laws setting out the principles, structures, and processes of a government
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constitution
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the power to execute, enorce, and administer law
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executive power
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a centralized government in which all powersheld by the government belong to a single, central agency
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unitary government
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a form of government in which the executive branch ismade up of the prime minister, or premier, and that official's cabinet
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parliamentary government
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a form of government in which the executive and legislative branches of the government are separate, independent of one another, and coequal
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presidential government
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the power to make law and to frame public policies
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legislative power
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each branch is subject to a number of constitutional checks (restraints) by the other branches; each branch has certain powers with which it can check the operations of the other two
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checks and balances
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the first ten amendments to the Constitution which set out the Constitutional guarantees of freedom of belief and expression, of freedom and security of the person, and of fair and equal treatment before the law
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bill of rights
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a pact made by the President directly with the head of foreign state
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executive agreement
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charges or additions that become part of the written language of the Constitution itself
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formal amendment
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the power of courts to determine whether what government does is in accord with what the Constitution provides
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judicial review
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to declare illegal, null and void, of no force and effect
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unconstitutional
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a unit into which cities are often divided for the election of city council members
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ward
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the people eligible to vote
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electorate
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one of the many political parties without wide voter support in this country
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minor party
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the largest number of votes cast for the office
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plurality
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a group of persons who seek to control government through the winning of elections and the holding of public office
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political party
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voting for candidates of different parties for different offices at the same election
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split-ticket voting
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minor parties that have splint away from one of the major parties
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splinter parties
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in American politices, the Republican and the Democratic parties
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major party
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the two major parties find common ground and work together here
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bipartisan
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the loyalty of people to a particular political party
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party identification
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the practice of voting for candidates of only one party in an election
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straight-ticket voting
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the right to vote
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franchise
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the prior approval by the Justice Department of changes to or new election lawsby certain States
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preclerance
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a person's ability to read or write
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literacy
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persons living in the State for only a short time, without legal residence
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transient
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the process by which people gain their political attitudes and opinions
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political socialization
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the naming of those who seek office
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nomination
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a strong candidate running for an office at the top of the ballot helps attract voters to other candidates on the party's ticket
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coattail effect
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a primary in which the top two vote-getters in the first direct primary face one another
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runoff primary
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the place where the voters who live in a precinct actually vote
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polling place
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a voting process in which voters receive a long ballot containing the names of all contenders, regardless of party, and can vote however they choose
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blanket primary
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a party's nominating election in which only declared party members can vote
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closed primary
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regularly scheduled elections at which voters make the final selection of officeholders
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general election
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a party's nominating election in which any qualified voter can cast a ballot
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open primary
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elections in which candidates are not identified by their party labels
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nonpartisan election
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the political arms of special-interest and other organizations with a stake in electoral politics
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political action committee (PAC)
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devices that attempt to collect information by asking people questions
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public opinion poll
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any person who, for any reason, has an unusally strong influence on the views of others
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opinion leader
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those attitudes held by a significant number of people on matters of government and politics
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public opinion
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a sample deliberately constructed to reflect several of the major characteristics of a given universe
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quota sample
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a sample in which each member of the universe and each geographic area within it have a mathematically equal chance of being included
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random sample
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the instructions or commands a constituency gives to its elected officials
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mandate
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those means of communication that reach large, widely dispersed audiences simultaneously, and includes newpapers, magazines, radio, the Internet, and television
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mass media
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snappy reports that can by aired in 30 or 45 seconds
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sound bite
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