Use LEFT and RIGHT arrow keys to navigate between flashcards;
Use UP and DOWN arrow keys to flip the card;
H to show hint;
A reads text to speech;
47 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
- 3rd side (hint)
Atorvastatin
|
HMG analog; inhibits rate limiting step of de novo cholesterol synthesis; increased expression of LDL receptors
|
Hyperlipidemias
|
|
Fluvastatin
|
HMG analog; inhibits rate limiting step of de novo cholesterol synthesis; increased expression of LDL receptors
|
Hyperlipidemias
|
|
Lovastatin
|
HMG analog; inhibits rate limiting step of de novo cholesterol synthesis; increased expression of LDL receptors
|
Hyperlipidemias
|
|
Pravastatin
|
HMG analog; inhibits rate limiting step of de novo cholesterol synthesis; increased expression of LDL receptors
|
Hyperlipidemias
|
|
Rosuvastatin
|
HMG analog; inhibits rate limiting step of de novo cholesterol synthesis; increased expression of LDL receptors
|
Hyperlipidemias
|
|
Simvastatin
|
HMG analog; inhibits rate limiting step of de novo cholesterol synthesis; increased expression of LDL receptors
|
Hyperlipidemias
|
|
Fenofibrate
|
Impact PPAR activity
Decreased TAG concentration, increased lipoprotein lipase, decreased apoCII Increase HDL via increased apoCI and apoCII |
Hypertriglyceridemias
|
|
Gemfibrozil
|
Fibrate
Impact PPAR activity Decreased TAG concentration, increased lipoprotein lipase, decreased apoCII Increase HDL via increased apoCI and apoCII |
Hypertriglyceridemias
|
|
Niacin
|
Inhibits lipolysis in adipose tissue leading to decreased liver VLDL production and subsequently, decreased LDL
Significantly increases HDL levels Boosts production of plasminogen activator |
Particularly useful in treatment of familal hypercholesterolemias; specifically increasing HDL levels
|
|
Colesevelam
|
Bile acid sequestrant
Binds bile acids in gut, leading to increased bile acid excretion in feces Increased cholesterol synthesis by liver, associated with increased LDL receptor expression |
DOC in type Iia and type Iib hyperlipidemias
|
|
Colestipol
|
Bile acid sequestrant
Binds bile acids in gut, leading to increased bile acid excretion in feces Increased cholesterol synthesis by liver, associated with increased LDL receptor expression |
DOC in type Iia and type Iib hyperlipidemias
|
|
Cholestyramine
|
Bile acid sequestrant
Binds bile acids in gut, leading to increased bile acid excretion in feces Increased cholesterol synthesis by liver, associated with increased LDL receptor expression |
DOC in type Iia and type Iib hyperlipidemias; can relieve pruritus in those with biliary obstruction
|
|
Ezetimibe
|
Inhibits intestinal absorption of cholesterol
Decreases serum LDL and triacylglycerides; Increases HDL |
Hyperlipidemias
|
|
Nitroglycerin
|
Organic Nitrates
|
Angina pectoris
|
|
Aliskiren
|
Renin Inhibitor
|
Hypertension
|
|
Amlodipine
|
Ca2+ Channel Blocker, 2nd generation dihydropyridine
Selective for vascular smooth muscle |
Hypertensive patients with asthma, diabetes, angina, and/or peripheral vascular disease
|
|
Diltiazem
|
Ca2+ Channel Blocker, Benzothiazepine
Relatively non-selective; affects both cardiac and smooth muscle receptors |
Hypertensive patients with asthma, diabetes, angina, and/or peripheral vascular disease
|
|
Felodipine
|
Ca2+ Channel Blocker, 2nd generation dihydropyridine
Selective for vascular smooth muscle |
Hypertensive patients with asthma, diabetes, angina, and/or peripheral vascular disease
|
|
Isradipine
|
Ca2+ Channel Blocker, 2nd generation dihydropyridine
Selective for vascular smooth muscle |
Hypertensive patients with asthma, diabetes, angina, and/or peripheral vascular disease
|
|
Nicardipine
|
Ca2+ Channel Blocker, 2nd generation dihydropyridine
Selective for vascular smooth muscle |
Hypertensive patients with asthma, diabetes, angina, and/or peripheral vascular disease
|
|
Nifedipine
|
Ca2+ Channel Blocker, 2nd generation dihydropyridine
Selective for vascular smooth muscle |
Hypertensive patients with asthma, diabetes, angina, and/or peripheral vascular disease
|
|
Nisoldipine
|
Ca2+ Channel Blocker, 2nd generation dihydropyridine
Selective for vascular smooth muscle |
Hypertensive patients with asthma, diabetes, angina, and/or peripheral vascular disease
|
|
Verapamil
|
Ca2+ Channel Blocker, Diphenylalkylamine
Relatively non-selective; affects both cardiac and smooth muscle receptors |
Hypertensive patients with asthma, diabetes, angina, and/or peripheral vascular disease
|
|
Clonidine
|
α2-agonist that decreases central adrenergic output
Does not decrease RBF or GFR |
HTN complicated by renal disease or refractory to treatment with other agents
|
|
Benazepril
|
Inhibit ACE
Results in decreased Ang II-mediated vasoconstriction, increased BK-mediated vasodilation Decreased aldosterone-mediated Na+ and fluid retention |
Hypertension; slow progression of diabetic nephropathy; Chronic HF management
|
|
Captopril
|
Inhibit ACE
Results in decreased Ang II-mediated vasoconstriction, increased BK-mediated vasodilation Decreased aldosterone-mediated Na+ and fluid retention |
Hypertension; slow progression of diabetic nephropathy; Chronic HF management
|
|
Enalapril
|
Inhibit ACE
Results in decreased Ang II-mediated vasoconstriction, increased BK-mediated vasodilation Decreased aldosterone-mediated Na+ and fluid retention |
Hypertension; slow progression of diabetic nephropathy; Chronic HF management
|
|
Fosinopril
|
Inhibit ACE
Results in decreased Ang II-mediated vasoconstriction, increased BK-mediated vasodilation Decreased aldosterone-mediated Na+ and fluid retention |
Hypertension; slow progression of diabetic nephropathy; Chronic HF management
|
|
Lisinopril
|
Inhibit ACE
Results in decreased Ang II-mediated vasoconstriction, increased BK-mediated vasodilation Decreased aldosterone-mediated Na+ and fluid retention |
Hypertension; slow progression of diabetic nephropathy; Chronic HF management
|
|
Moexipril
|
Inhibit ACE
Results in decreased Ang II-mediated vasoconstriction, increased BK-mediated vasodilation Decreased aldosterone-mediated Na+ and fluid retention |
Hypertension; slow progression of diabetic nephropathy; Chronic HF management
|
|
Quinapril
|
Inhibit ACE
Results in decreased Ang II-mediated vasoconstriction, increased BK-mediated vasodilation Decreased aldosterone-mediated Na+ and fluid retention |
Hypertension; slow progression of diabetic nephropathy; Chronic HF management
|
|
Ramipril
|
Inhibit ACE
Results in decreased Ang II-mediated vasoconstriction, increased BK-mediated vasodilation Decreased aldosterone-mediated Na+ and fluid retention |
Hypertension; slow progression of diabetic nephropathy; Chronic HF management
|
|
Candesartan
|
Competitively antagonize angiotensin II receptors
Arteriolar and venous dilation Blocks aldosterone secretion |
Decrease nephrotoxicity in diabetics
|
|
Eprosartan
|
Competitively antagonize angiotensin II receptors
Arteriolar and venous dilation Blocks aldosterone secretion |
Decrease nephrotoxicity in diabetics
|
|
Irbesartan
|
Competitively antagonize angiotensin II receptors
Arteriolar and venous dilation Blocks aldosterone secretion |
Decrease nephrotoxicity in diabetics
|
|
Losartan
|
Competitively antagonize angiotensin II receptors
Arteriolar and venous dilation Blocks aldosterone secretion |
Decrease nephrotoxicity in diabetics
|
|
Olmesartan
|
Competitively antagonize angiotensin II receptors
Arteriolar and venous dilation Blocks aldosterone secretion |
Decrease nephrotoxicity in diabetics
|
|
Telmisartan
|
Competitively antagonize angiotensin II receptors
Arteriolar and venous dilation Blocks aldosterone secretion |
Decrease nephrotoxicity in diabetics
|
|
Valsartan
|
Competitively antagonize angiotensin II receptors
Arteriolar and venous dilation Blocks aldosterone secretion |
Decrease nephrotoxicity in diabetics
|
|
Hydralazine
|
Direct Vasodilator (Arterioles > Veins)
Activates cGMP, leading to dephosphorylation of myosin (relaxation) and increased K+ conductance (hyperpolarization) Decreased SPR with resulting increased sypathetic reflex Almost always administered with β-blocker and diuretic |
|
|
Isosorbide dinitrate
|
Direct Vasodilators
|
Angina
|
|
Sodium nitroprusside
|
Direct Vasodilators
|
Emegency management of hypertension
|
|
Digoxin
|
Inotropic Agent
Binds to and inhibits cardiac Na+/K+ ATPase, leading to increased Na+ levels intracellularly Increased Na+/Ca2+ activity lead to increased intracellular a2+ available for contraction Increases cardiac output |
Severe LV systolic dysfunction; NOT indicated in diastolic or RV dysfunction; HF with Afib
|
|
Amrinone
|
PDE inhibitor
Leads to increased cAMP, producing a greater inotropic effect in cardiac tissue Increased MLC phosphorylation and relaxation in smooth muscle, producing vasodilation Inotropic Agent |
|
|
Digitoxin
|
Inotropic Agent
|
|
|
Dobutamine
|
Inotropic Agent
|
|
|
Milrinone
|
PDE inhibitor: leading to increased cAMP.
In cardiac tissue, produces an inotropic effect. In vascular smooth muscle, this leads to phosphorylation of MLC, leading to smooth muscle relaxation. Inotropic Agent |
|