Use LEFT and RIGHT arrow keys to navigate between flashcards;
Use UP and DOWN arrow keys to flip the card;
H to show hint;
A reads text to speech;
21 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
What are the seven categories explaining victimization?
|
1. intraindividual theories
2.symbolic interactionist 3. routine activities/lifestyle theories 4.sociocultural explaination 5.learning theory 6. subculture theory 7 situational explication |
|
situational explination
|
catchall
stress, social isolation, blocked opportunities, social attitudes, social change don't stress people out or antagonize. |
|
intraindividual theories
|
cause: internal tooffender =psycology, biology, sociology
looks at characteristics of offender so we can look at characteristics of victims |
|
symbolic interactionism
|
Cause: result of some interaction between victim and offender.
explains violence but not property |
|
routine activities/lifestyle theories
|
cause: result of regular activities or a life style that places one at risk.
cohen & felson=routine activity 1. suitable target 2. motivated offender 3. no capable guardians Serman= hot spots repeat victimization 1. risk heterogeneity/flag explination= once a victim always a victim . 2. event dependency= offender returns to the same location because they were successful. |
|
sociopolitical explination
|
cause: result of the structure of society.
patriarchal society = violent classist society = property |
|
learning theory
|
cause: we have learned criminal actions through formal and informal means
can learn to be a victim Sutherland= differential association active learning Banduras=modeling theory learning in passing Walker= learned helplessness |
|
subculture theory
|
Cause: subculture norms violate rules or norms of the larger culture.
Gastil= subculture violence in the South. it was poverty lack of trauma resources |
|
Von Hentig
|
"the criminal and his victim"
1.agent provocator=totally responsible 2. 13 characteristics that make you vulnerable |
|
Mendelssohn
|
father of victimology
1. victims do not cause their harm 2. minor guilt 3. victim as guilty as offender 4. victim more guilty than offender 5. imaginary victim said victims were more than just active and passive |
|
Margery Fry
|
victims should be compensated
1963=new Zealand 1964=England 1965=California |
|
Cohen and Felson
|
routine activities
|
|
Sherman
|
hot spots
|
|
Sutherland
|
differential association
|
|
Berduras
|
modeling theory
|
|
Walker
|
learned helplessness
|
|
Schaefer
|
"the victim and his criminal"
combines Von Hentig and Mendelssohn'Mendelssohn ' s worj 1. facilitation=neglectful 2. passive precipitation=drunk at a party 3. active precipitation= 4. provocation = throws the first punch...high level of responsibility |
|
Wolfgang
|
homicide in Philadelphia
26% of them were provoked 1. were from prior relationship 2. some small disagreement 3. alcohol |
|
Amir
|
Wolfgang ' s student
rape in Philadelphia. 19% provoked 1. had alcohol 2. suction behaviors 3. victims have unconscious need to be sexualized. |
|
fattah's ten dangers
|
1. might turn into offender bashing
2. apply band aids to the symptom of crime without trying to fix it 3. danger of widening the net 4. placing too much emphasis on street crimes and not others 5. increase anxiety of victimization 6. intensifies conflict instead of resolving it 7. stigmatized victims and crates stereotypes. 8. weakens social ties and increases dependency on social services 9. delays natural healing 10. creates expectations among victims that are not or could not be met. |
|
%
|
violent 45
serious violent 61 property 36 |