117 Prelims

Health conditions marked by alterations in thinking, mood, or behavior that cause distress, impair ability to function, or both

Considered a clinically significant behavioral or psychological syndrome experienced by a person and marked by distress, disability, or the risk of suffering, disability, or loss of freedom

The person acts independently, dependently, or interdependently as the need arises without permanently losing his/her autonomy

The person is willing to move forward to maximize his/her capabilities

The person faces the uncertainty of life and the certainty of death with faith and hope

The person's sense of self esteem is founded in self-knowledge and awareness of personal abilities and limitations

The person distinguishes fact from fantasy and behaves accordingly

The person is competent, effective, and creative in interacting with and influencing his/her environment

The person experiences appropriate emotions in daily life and can tolerate stress, knowing that the feelings are not going to last forever

DSM

An interpersonal process whereby the nurse assists an individual, family, or community to promote mental health, to prevent or cope with the experience of mental illness and suffering and if necessary

Focuses on the care and rehabilitation of people with identifiable mental illness or disorders

Focuses on well and at-risk populations to prevent mental illness or provide immediate treatment for those with early signs of disorder

Main tool of the nurse in the practice of psychiatric nursing

Using one's humanity, personality, experiences, values, feelings

Knowing our own strengths and limitations, understanding our own emotions and the impact of our behavior in diverse situations

Model of interpersonal awareness

Useful tool in improving self-awareness and through it, our abilities to worl well with others

The organ of thought and all other mental states

System that carries signals from the brain to the rest of the body

Main type of cell that makes up the nervous system

Transmit messages across synapses

The process by which crossing takes place is complex, involving tiny explosive depolarization, a relase of chemical transmitting substances

Junction between 2 neurons or between a neuron and an effector cell

4 Main Regions of Brain

Ventricles

5 Lobes of Brain

3 Regions (cross-section)

Composed of frontal, parietal, occipital, and temporal regions

Brain center responsible for intellectual functions:

Learning, judgment, reasoning, memory

Sits at the very center of the brain

Acts as a large relay station through which sensory information passes on its way to the other cortical region

Receives and directs all info headed to the cerebral cortex (learning and memory)

Beneath the thalamus, control center of endocrine, somatic, and autonomic functioning

Releasing hormones to the bloodstream and modulate body functions including drinking (thirst), salt balance, sexual activity

Houses the pituitary gland

Houses the pineal gland which secretes melatonin

Hormone that affects the sleep-wake cycle

Regulates sleep

Contains nerve-fiber pathways that relay information to the other areas of the CNS

Controls respirations, GI motility and circulation

Maintaining vital functions

Controls and guides movements; maintaimns muscle tones

Located under the cerebral cortex and is composed of the Hippocampus, Amygdala, and Fornix

Mediate feelings or aggression, sexual impulses, and submissive behavior

Part of brain stem that controls motor activity and muscle tone

Provides channel through which sensory information from the body reaches the brain

-pathways for voluntary control of skeletal muscles that regulates much functioning of internal organs

Brain develops rapidly during infancy

Brain adapts to new conditions

Form of education and an attemlt to change brain's structure so changes in behavior will follow

Dopamine (DOPAMINE)

SEROTONIN (Head, Red, Fed)

-Key component of the SNS

-Attention

-Burst of Energy

-Increased BP

-Focus on survival functions

Brain's "off" switch

Brain's "on" switch

Hay fever

Itching

Sleeping

Autonomic

Contraction/Muscle contraction

Hippocampus

Opoids (ARMEDC)

Antidote of Opoids

Behavioral disturbances stem from emotionally painful experience

Involves experiences which can be recalled at will without any effort

Involves experiences which can be recalled at will with some effort

Involves experiences which cannot be recalled at will

Interplay of the three subsystems results to behavior

-Pleasure

-Instinctual drives

-Completely selfish and concerned with immediate gratification of desires and needs

-Reality

-mediates between the id and superego

-Moral

-conscience

-concerned with the matters of right and wrong

Unconscious measures that people use to defend their personal stability and protect against anxiety and threat resulting from conflicts among the id, ego, and the superego

Expressing thoughts and feelings in actions rather than words

Refusing to recognize a reality that might be troublesome or traumatic

Attributing exaggeratedly negative qualities to oneself or others

Seeing someone or something else as perfect or more ideal, or worthy, than everyone/everything else

Splitting off thoughts and associated feelings from conscious awareness, as if to place them in a separate mental compartment

Acting and behaving like someone else; taking on another person's personality characteristics

Using the power of intellecta, thinking and reasoning to blunt reality

Refusing ti recognize behavior in oneself and instead "projecting" it or seeing it in someone else

-Doing the opposite of one's unconscious wishes often expressed in an exaggerated or showy way

-Hiding of true feeling way by behaving in the exact opposite manner

Going back to an earlier and happier time of development

-Placing material of life experience out of the conscious

-Unconscious and Involuntary forgetting of painful ideas, events, and conflicts

Conscious exclusion from awareness anxiety-producing feelings, ideas and situations

Transforming conflicted emotions, unmet desires, or unacceptable impulses into productive outlets

Conscious or unconscious attempts to make a prove that one's feelings or behaviors are justifiable

Unconsciously incorporating values and attitudes of others as if they were your own

-Consciously covering up for a weakness by overemphasizing or making up a desirable trait

-Overachieving in one area to compensate for failures in another

-Consciously covering up for a weakness by overemphasizing or making up a desirable trait

-Overachieving in one area to compensate for failures in another

Consciously doing something to counteract or make up for a transgression or wrongdoing

Unconsciously discharging pent-up feeling to a less-threatening object, person, or animal

Unconscious expression of intrapsychic conflict symbolically through physical symptoms

A boy develops an unconscious infatuation towards his mother, and simultaneously fears his father to be a rival

A girl's sense of competition with her mother for the affection of her father

Refers to feelings and thoughts that clients have toward the nurse psychiatrist, or other service provider

Patient - > Nurse

Feelings and thoughts that service providers have toward the client

At each stage the ego acquires attitudes and skills that make the individual an active contributing member of society

-Unsatisfactory interpersonal relations will result to maladaptive behaviors

-Early childhood has a role in shaping human beings and self concept

A type of therapy that utilizes a uniquely structured model for the treatment of mental health issues

-Motor activities involving concrete objects result in the development of mental functionin

-Focuses on innate development of thinking ability from infancy to childhood

Realizing objects exist even though they no longer see it

-Conditions such as depression result from pervasive, negative misinterpretations of experience

-Person's susceptible to depression develop inaccurate/unhelpful core beliefs about themselves, others

Activating events do not cause emotional or behavioral consequences directly, rather, beliefs about these activating events

"Self statements"

Has a three stage process that describes the physiological changes the body go through when under stress

A three stage process that describes the physiological changes the body go through when under stress

Initial symptoms the body experiences when under stress

"fight-or-flight" response

After initial shock, the body begins to repair itself

Signs: irritability, frustration, poor concentration

-The result of prolonged or chronic stress

-Drained to the point where body no longer has strength to fight stress

Signs: fatigue, burnout, depression, anxiety, decreased stress tolerance

Neither the environmental factor/event nor the person's response definesnstress, rather than the individual perception of the psychological situation is the critical factor

A false belief or impression that is firmly maintained despite being contraindicated by what is generally accepted as reality

False sensory perception in the absence of external stimuli

Misperception of an actual external stimuli

A condition in which a patient's limbs retain any position into which they are manipulated by another person

Ritualistic displacement of anxiety through repetitive actions carried out against the patient's conscious wishes which have symbolic relationship to underlying conflict

A compulsive displacement of anxiety through automatic duplication of the immediately observed movements

Repeating the speech of another as is expressing a compulsion to respond

Using of phrases or words with similar ending lines

Grouping of rhyming words, that are based on similar sounding sounds, even though the words themselves don't have any logical reason to be grouped together

Playing upon words, usually injection of a witty remark into a conversation

Creation/coining of new words that are meaningless except to the coiner

Inclusion if irrelevant details, scattered thoughts and explanations that takes away from the point of delays reaching the goal point of the conversation

Replies totally irrelevant and off-point to questions

Talking quickly and eratically, jumping rapidly between ideasand thoughts

"topic-jumping "

Sudden stopping of speech while ostensibly in pursuit of a goal

Confused or unintelligible mixture of seeminfly random word and phrases

The state of being silent or voiceless, in the absence of rganic etiology

Meaningless repetition of same words and phrases

Overwhelming feeling of well-being, happiness, and joy

State of heightened joy, exaggerated optimism and restless excitement

Lack motivation to do anything or just don't care about what is going on around

Difficulty expressing emotions characterized by diminished facial expression, expressive gesture, and vocal expressions

Rapid, often exaggerated changes in mood, where strong emotions or feelings (uncontrollable laughing or crying)

Lack of trust in others often accompanied by anxiety

Being unaware of the correct time, date, places, etc

Having ability to understand communication

Inability to adequately comprehend a situation or recognize the logic of explanations

Feeling like you are outside of your body or you are unreal, feeling detached

Belief that that he is someone else and he acts like that person

Unresponsiveness from which a person can be aroused only by vigorous, physical stimulation

Falsification of memory by a person who, believes he or she is genuinely communicating trustful memories

Creation if elequent amd interesting stories

-to impress others