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23 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Alcohol |
Kills bacteria and fungus, causes protein coagulation |
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Heavy metals |
Oligodynamic action: cause protein denaturation and lipid dissolution |
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Acid-anionic sanitizers |
Nontoxic, noncorrosive, enzyme inactivation, disrupts plasma membrane |
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Quaternary ammonium |
Positively charged, four valence NH4+, effective against gram +, fungus, amoeba, enveloped viruses |
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Quats mechanism |
Enzyme inhibition, protein denaturation, disrupts plasma membrane |
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Food preservatives |
Sodium benzoate, sorbic acid, calcium propionate |
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Aldehydes |
For sterilization, damage eukaryotic cells also, embalming fluid |
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Aldehyde function |
Protein denaturation, crosslinking, used for vaccine prep |
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Gas sterilizers |
Long exposure, work at room temp |
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Ethylene oxide |
Gas sterilizer, alkylation, highly penetrating |
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Alkylation |
Works on proteins and nucleic acids, replaces hydrogen in functional groups with a chemical radical |
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Plasma |
Gas excited electrically |
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Peroxygens |
Ozone, hydrogen peroxide, peracetic acid, oxidize cellular components, kills endospores, viruses, vegetative cells |
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Prions |
Incinerate or treat with enzymes, malformed proteins mutate good proteins |
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Stomach doesn't have microbes because |
It's low pH |
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Dental caries |
Festering bacteria metabolize sugars and their acids dissolve enamel |
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Streptococcus mutans |
Cariogenic bacterium, causes more cavities then any other |
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S. Mutans |
Use glucose to produce dextrans that helps attachment, accumulation causes plaque |
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Saliva |
Carries proteins which coat teeth and allow bacteria to adhere |
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Saliva has two things |
Lysozyme, helps to protect exposed tooth surfaces Crevicular fluid, comes out of the blood and contains phagocytic cells and immunoglobulin |
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Soft enamel |
Lack of fluoride |
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Sucrose |
Made of fructose and glucose and very cariogenic |
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Xylitol |
Inhibits the metabolism of S. Mutans |
