Use LEFT and RIGHT arrow keys to navigate between flashcards;
Use UP and DOWN arrow keys to flip the card;
H to show hint;
A reads text to speech;
77 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
Abdominal Quadrants
|
An approach to geography of the abdominopelvic region. Dividing it into 4 quadrants.
|
|
Abdominopelvic Cavity
|
The diaphragm divides ventral body cavity into 2 parts: a superior part enclosed by ribcage called thoracic, and inferior abdominopelvic cavity.
|
|
Adhesion Molecules
|
Allow the cells of a tissue to recognize one another and stick together.
|
|
Adipocytes
|
Fat cells derived from fibroblasts. The interior of each adipocyte is dominated by a droplet of fat.
|
|
Adipose Tissue
|
Specialized tissue for the storage of fat. Additionally serves to cushion internal organs, reduces heat loss, gives the body contours.
|
|
ADP
|
An energy-depleted form of ATP.
|
|
Anatomical Position
|
The subject or patient is erect, facing the viewer, with feet pointed ahead, arms at sides, and the palms of the hands turned forward.
|
|
Appendicular Region
|
One of the fundamental regions of the body, consisting of the limbs or extremities.
|
|
ATP
|
Within the mitochondria, the energy from the oxidation of foodstuffs is applied to the synthesis of ATP, the general chemical energy source for energy-requiring cellular processes
|
|
Axial Region
|
One of the fundamental regions of the body, consisting of the head, neck and trunk.
|
|
Bilayer
|
Double layer.
|
|
Blood Plasma
|
A fluid component containing salts; some organic solutes; dissolved gases and proteins.
|
|
Body Cavities
|
Hollow spaces within the body that contain internal organs.
Dorsal - Cranial cavity and spinal canal Ventral - Thoracic and abdominopelvic cavities Scrotal - Present in males only |
|
Bone Marrow
|
The site of synthesis of blood cells in adults.
|
|
Canaliculus
|
Small channels that allow nutrients and oxygen to reach osteocytes and cellular waste to be removed.
|
|
Cancellous Bone
|
Bones consist of an outer covering of compact bone (dense) bone surrounding a core of cancellous (spongy) bone.
|
|
Cardiac Muscle
|
Makes up the cell walls of the heart and is responsible for circulating blood to all body parts.
|
|
Cartilage
|
Strong, flexible, smooth material composed of collagen and chondroitin that in adults, supports some soft tissues; covers the ends of bones; and provides bearing surfaces for joints.
|
|
Chondrocytes
|
Cells that secrete cartilage.
|
|
Chondroitin
|
Type of intracellular substance formed by connective tissues. A tough, flexible material that is major component of cartilage, one form of connective tissue.
|
|
Collagen
|
A type of intracellular substance formed by connective tissues composed of giant, fibrous molecules that may be arranged in bundles or as a mesh.
|
|
Columnar
|
Cells that are cylindrical with heights greater than their widths.
|
|
Compact Bone
|
An outer covering that surrounds a core of cancellous bone composed of units called osteons.
|
|
Connective Tissue
|
Holds body parts together and contributes to the structural integrity of the tissue types.
|
|
Connective Tissue Proper
|
Composes a loosely arranged structural framework for almost every tissue.
|
|
Cranial Cavity
|
Within the skull, containing the brain.
|
|
Cuboidal
|
Cells that are approx. as wide as they are tall.
|
|
Cytoplasm
|
The intracellular fluid.
|
|
Cytoskeleton
|
The scaffold of filaments within the cytoplasm that allow the cell to maintain form and to move.
|
|
Differentiation
|
A process in which unspecialized cells acquire specific cellular structures and become specialized to perform specific functions.
|
|
Directional Terms
|
The terms used to describe the relationships of individual structures and regions.
|
|
Ectoderm
|
In the earliest stages of embryonic development, the outermost layer of the unspecialized embryonic cells that seperate into three layers.
|
|
Elastin
|
A type of intracellular substance formed by connective tissues composed of giant, fibrous molecules that may be arranged in bundles or as a mesh.
|
|
Endocrine Glands
|
Formed by epithelial cells, the endocrine glands secrete chemical messengers called hormones into the blood.
|
|
Endoderm
|
In the earliest stages of embryonic development, the innermost layer of unspecialized embryonic cells that seperate into three layers.
|
|
Endoplasmic Reticulum
|
An internal membrane system that contains proteins and lipids destined for various metabolic fates within the cell, for secretion to the exterior, or for the incorporation into the plasma membrane.
|
|
Epithelial Tissue
|
A specific tissue that develops from the ectoderm and endoderm, consisting of sheets of cells. Typically epithelial form barriers between the interior of the body and external environment, covering the body's surface and lining hollow internal organs.
|
|
Erthyocytes
|
Red blood cells.
|
|
Exocrine Glands
|
Secretes substances by way of ducts to the exterior, for example, the salivary glands of the mouth and the sweat glands in the skin.
|
|
Extrinsic
|
Extrinsic membrane proteins are less tightly attached and may be removed by chemical treatments that do not dissolve the membrane.
|
|
Fibroblasts
|
Characteristic cells that secrete intracellular materials.
|
|
Formed Elements
|
In the blood, formed elements include erythrocytes (red blood cells), leukocytes (white blood cells) and thrombocytes (platelets).
|
|
Frontal Section
|
Passes parallel to the midline and at right angles to the plane of the sagittal section and would divide the body into dorsal and ventral portions.
|
|
Glia
|
Support the neutrons and maintain a favorable environment for their functions.
|
|
Glycoproteins
|
Strands of sugar molecules attached to the proteins.
|
|
Golgi Apparatus
|
Closely stacked sacs of endoplasmic reticulum that serve as a sorting station for proteins synthesized by the ribosomes attached to the endoplasmic reticulum.
|
|
Haversian Canal
|
A central canal that contains blood vessels and nerves surrounded by each osteon.
|
|
Horizontal Section
|
A cut at right angles to the midline and dividing the body into superior and inferior portions.
|
|
Hormones
|
Chemical messengers secreted by the endocrine glands.
|
|
Hyaluronic Acid
|
A major type of intercellular substance formed by connective tissue.
|
|
Intercellular Material
|
Material secreted by fibroblasts.
|
|
Intermediate Filaments
|
One of the three basic types of filaments within the cytoplasm that allow the cell to maintain a form and to move.
|
|
Intinsic
|
Intrinsic membrane proteins are tightly associated with the membrane and in some cases span it from one side to the other.
|
|
Lacunae
|
Spaces between the lamellae occupied by osteocytes.
|
|
Lamellae
|
Concentric rings of a mineralized intercellular substance surrounding the Haversian canal.
|
|
Leukocytes
|
White blood cells.
|
|
Ligaments
|
The structure that holds joints together.
|
|
Mesoderm
|
In the earliest stages of embryonic development, the unspecialized embryonic cell layer that lies between the ectoderm and endoderm.
|
|
Microfilaments
|
One of three basic types of filaments within the cytoplasm that allow the cell to maintain a form and to move.
|
|
Microtubules
|
One of three basic types of filaments within the cytoplasm that allow the cell to maintain a form and to move.
|
|
Midline
|
The median line or median plane of the body or some part of the body.
|
|
Midsagittal Section
|
If the body were sliced into equal right and left halves, this cut would pass through the sagittal plane along the midline of the body.
|
|
Mitochondria
|
Rod-like structures consisting of a double-bilayer membrane that are the sites of the reactions of terminal oxidative metabolism.
|
|
Neurons
|
Nervous tissues that generate and conduct electrical impulses and communicate with other cells by way of chemical messages.
|
|
Nucleus
|
Contains the genetic material (DNA) together with molecules that affect expression of specific parts of the genetic code.
|
|
Organelles
|
Structures contained within cytoplasm.
|
|
Osteoblasts
|
Osteocytes that synthesize bone.
|
|
Osteoclasts
|
Osteocytes that break down bone.
|
|
Osteocytes
|
Bone cells.
|
|
Osteons
|
Units of compact bone.
|
|
Oxidative Phosphorylation
|
Process in mitochondria that involves reactions of terminal oxidative metabolism, where energy from oxidation of foodstuffs is applied to the synthesis of ATP, general chemical energy source for energy-depleted form of the same molecule.
|
|
Parasagittal Planes
|
Planes that cut the body to the right or left of the midline, generating unequal portions.
|
|
Plasma Membrane
|
The outer boundary of the cell containing membrane proteins embedded in it and attached to its surface.
|
|
Pseudostratified
|
Some simple epithelia, which are one cell layer thick. Some of the cells are not tall enough to reach all the way from one side of the sheet to the other.
|
|
Receptors
|
Membrane proteins that detect of chemical messages from other cells.
|
|
Ribosomes
|
An organelle composed of proteins and ribosomal ribonucleic acid (rRNA) that synthesize proteins based on codes delivered to them in the form of messages RNA (mRNA).
|
|
Label parts of cell
|
|