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50 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
Amount of air that is inhaled and exhaled when breathing normally.
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tidal volume
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Type of blood protein that helps in the clotting of the blood.
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fibrinogen
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Iron-containing protein that allows blood cells to transport oxygen.
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hemoglobin
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Blood cells that protect the body from infections.
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white blood cells
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Breathing is controlled primarily by what?
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medulla oblongata
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Blood travels from the heart to the lungs through what?
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pulmonary arteries
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Surplus red blood cells are stored where?
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spleen
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Blood cells that transport oxygen through the body.
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red blood cells
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Blood cells are manufactured where?
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bone marrow
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What is the heart's natural pace maker?
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sinoatrial node
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Blood vessels that supply the heart muscle are?
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coronary arteries
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What valve connects the left atrium and the left ventricle of the heart?
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bicuspid
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Blood leaves the left ventricle through what valve?
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aortic semilunar
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Tough, white sac that encloses and protects the heart.
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pericardium
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muscle layer of the heart
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myocardium
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large blood vessels that carry blood from the body into the right atrium of the heart
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venae cavae
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irregularly shaped pockets or air spaces in the nasal cavity that warm and moisten incoming air
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nasal meatuses
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Most cases of lung cancer in the United States are caused by what?
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cigarette smoking
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the movement of blood to and from the kidneys
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renal circulation
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type of heart failure caused by a blockage of blood flow to the heart muscles
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heart attack
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abnormal rushing or blowing sound that results from a damaged heart valve
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heart murmur
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condition in which the body's blood pressure falls to a critical low as a result of excessive loss of blood or plasma
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circulatory shock
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buildup of excessive fluid in the lungs as a result of bacterial or viral infection
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pneumonia
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buildup of fibrous and fatty tissue in the liver, often caused by alcohol abuse
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cirrhosis
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allergic condition characterized by periodic spasms of the bronchial tubes that make breathing difficult
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bronchial asthma
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hereditary disorder in which the blood is unable to form clots
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hemophilia
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dividing wall of the heart that separates the right and left chambers
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septum
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in the lungs, gas exchanges between the air and the blood occur in tiny air sacs called:
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alveoli
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blood vessels that carry blood toward the heart
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veins
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flap of tissue that prevents food from going down the windpipe
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epiglottis
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large blood vessel through which blood flows out of the heart and to the body
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aorta
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ESSAY: In ventricular fibrillation, the ventricles twitch randomly instead of beating. this condition causes death within minutes if not rapidly treated. in a similar condition, atrial fibrillation, atria twitch randomly instead of beating. although atrial fibrillation can increase the risk of other serious conditions, atrial fibrillation by itself is usually not life threatening. explain why ventricle fibrillation is deadly but trail fibrillation rarely is. include a description of blood flow through the heart.
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Deoxygenated blood from the body goes into the right atrium of the heart, the oxygenated blood from the lungs goes into the left atrium. The majority of this blood flows directly into the ventricles.
The atria contract, squeezes the remaining blood into the ventricles. Quickly the ventricles contract, and pumps deoxygenated blood from the right ventricle to the lungs and pumps oxygenated blood from the left ventricle to the body. Ventricular fibrillation is life threatening because the ventricles are responsible for deoxygenated blood being pumped to the lungs so it can be oxygenated. When the ventricles stop contracting, the blood flow in the body stops, and the person will die because the lack of oxygen. Atrial fibrillation is usually not life threatening because the atria pumps only some of the blood into the ventricles. When the atria does not contract, the flow of blood can still continue. Which allows the body cells to continue to receive enough oxygen. |
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thick sheet of muscle that separates the chest cavity from the abdominal cavity and functions in respiration
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diaphragm
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muscles attached to the ribs and sternum and expand the rib cage during inhalation
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intercostal
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these two structures are within the voice box and made of elastic tissue that produces sounds of speech
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vocal cords
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the blood vessels that carry blood away from the heart are
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arteries
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the organ that can be considered that body's chemical factory is the what?
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liver
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the smallest tubes within the lungs are the
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branchioles
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the liquid portion of the blood is
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plasma
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the voice box is another name for the
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larynx
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the contracting and pumping phase of heart action is
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systole
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In saying someone has type a positive blood, the word _____ refers to the presence of the antigen called the RH factor.
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positive
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the blood vessels that contain internal valves are the
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veins |
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tiny, disk-shaped cell fragments in the blood that initiate blood clotting are
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platelets
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A doctor is examining a healthy, 27-year old male patient of average height and weight. several members of the patient's family have had heart attacks. the patient asks the doctor for advice on things he can do to reduce his own risk of having a heart attack. which would the doctor likely recommend?
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exercising regularly
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A person's resting blood pressure is 155/95. What medical condition does he have?
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hypertension
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What BEST explains why normal exhalation at rest can be considered a passive process?
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Exhalation does not require muscle contraction.
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What BEST explains why people with type AB blood are sometimes considered universal recipients?
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People with type AB blood have neither anti-A nor anti-B antibodies
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In the electrocardiogram shown below, the left hump (A) indicates the contraction of the atria, and the tall peak (V) shoes the contraction of the ventricles. what structure within the cardiac conduction system causes the gap between them (G)?
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atrioventricular node
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What BEST explains why cardiac muscle cells are more dependent on a steady supply of nutrients than are skeletal muscle cells?
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Cardiac muscle cells have a higher density of mitochondria than skeletal muscle cells.
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