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57 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
Mars's two moons are Deimos and __?__. |
Phobos |
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What is the largest moon in the solar system? |
Ganymede |
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A Hertzsprung-Russell diagram is a two-dimensional graph that compares stars by their temperature and __?__. |
brightness |
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The Summer Triangle is formed of the stars Deneb, Vega, and __?__. |
Altair |
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During what phase of the moon is the entire sunlit side visible? |
full moon |
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The orbits of the planets are symmetrical ovals called __?__. |
ellipses |
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Frozen chunk of ice and dust that orbit the sun are called __?__. |
comets |
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The explosion of a star is called a __?__. |
supernova |
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The convection cells that cover the sun's visible surface are called __?__. |
granules |
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What are the flamelike columns of gas that continually erupt from the lowest layer of the sun's atmosphere? |
spicules |
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What is the visible portion of the sun? |
photosphere |
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What galaxy shape is the Milky Way? |
barred spiral |
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What unit of measurement is approximately equal to the distance between the sun and the earth? |
astronomical unit |
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Label each constellation. |
Cassiopeia |
|
Taurus |
Ursa Major |
|
Orion |
and Cygnus |
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describes Venus's backward rotation on its axis |
retrograde |
|
name for the period of time that the moon takes to orbit the earth |
lunar month |
|
imaginary sphere with Earth at the center and the heavenly bodies on its inner surface |
celestial sphere |
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imaginary "band" in the sky I which the sun, moon, and planets travel |
zodiac |
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the two planets between which the asteroid belt is located |
Mars and Jupiter |
|
describes a star that is always above the horizon to an observer at a particular location |
circumpolar |
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What group of small, icy objects orbit the sun outside the orbit of the outermost planet? |
Kuiper belt |
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The observed brightness that a star would have to an observer located 10 parsecs away is the __?__ magnitude. |
absolute |
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What is the cloud of gas and dust that surrounds the center of a comet? |
coma |
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Who developed the law of universal gravitation? |
Isaac Newton |
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What is a rapidly rotating star that emits direction beams of radio waves? |
pulsar |
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What Latin word is used to refer to the lunar "seas"? |
mare |
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Which scientific law states the relationship between a planet's period and average distance from the sun? |
third law of planetary motion |
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What is the apparent change in the position of an object caused by an actual change in the position of the observer? |
parallax |
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What is the largest galaxy in the Local Group? |
Andromeda galaxy |
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Which category of stars includes the sun? |
main sequence |
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With which planet do the Trojan asteroids share an orbit? |
Jupiter |
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What is an object so massive and dense that not even light can escape its gravity? |
neutron star |
|
the largest planet in our solar system |
Jupiter |
|
known for its ring system |
Saturn |
|
the outermost planet in our solar system |
Neptune |
|
the fastest-moving planet |
Mercury |
|
sometimes called the "morning star" and "evening star" |
Venus |
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gas giant that seems to lie on its side |
Uranus |
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notable feature is Olympus Mons |
Mars |
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A planet's closest approach to the sun is __?__. |
perihelion |
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The idea that the earth is at the center of the universe and that the sun, planets, and stars all revolve around the earth is the __?__ view. |
geocentric |
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A small rock fro space that is burning up as it passes through Earth's atmosphere is an __?__. |
meteor |
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A large cloud of gas and dust in space is called a __?__. |
nebula |
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The phenomenon in which the moon passes between the sun and the earth is a __?__. |
solar eclipse |
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The study of God's creation beyond the atmosphere is __?__. |
astronomy |
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A small group of stars that is used to form a picture or represent an object is an __?__. |
asterism |
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Match each star with the correct constellation.
Vega |
Lyra |
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Sirius |
Canis Major |
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Spica |
Virgo |
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Aldebaran |
Taurus |
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Castor |
Gemini |
|
Polaris |
Ursa Minor |
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Betelgeuse |
Orion |
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Regulus |
Leo |
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ESSAY: Compare and contrast binary stars, open clusters, and globular clusters. |
Answers should include the following ideas:
A binary star is a system in which two stars are bound together by gravity; these two stars circle each other in the same way that the moon revolves around the earth.
Open clusters are loose, asymmetrical clumps containing tens of hundreds, and occasionally thousands, of stars.
Globular clusters are tightly clumped spherical groups of thousands or millions of stars that travel outside the boundaries of the Milky way in unusual orbits around the galaxy's center. |