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6 Cards in this Set
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Obsessive-compulsive disorder OCD |
Presence of obsession, compulsion or both. Obsession: recurrent and persistent thoughts, urges or images that are unwanted. Individual attempts to suppress or neutralize thoughts. Compulsion: repetitive behaviors (hand-washing) that reduce or are intended to reduce anxiety, distress or negative outcome. - Obsession or compulsion are time consuming more than 1 hour / day or cause significant distress. -- specifically if with good Insight, poor insight, delusional. -- 1 to 3% prevalence rate in u.s. |
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Obsession vs. Compulsion |
- difficulty leaving in the morning without double-checking. 2 hours.(compultions) -near the anniversary of her mother's death Sarah wants to dig her up and be with her. (Obsession) -recurring dreams image of child / parent dying and crash. (obsession) -need to take specific series of steps to enter / living room. (Compultions) |
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Theories about OCD |
Biological Theory: suggests that can pull stations result from an impairment of the brain areas that are involved in controlling primitive impulses. Psychodynamic Theory: suggests that Obsessions and compulsions are the result of unconscious. Cognitive behavioral theories: suggest the obsessions are the result of rigid thinking and an inability to stop negative, intrusive thoughts. Compulsions are seen as learned behavior that are consistently reinforced because they reduce anxiety. |
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Treatment for OCD |
- effective treatments for OCD include serotonin reuptake inhibitors and cognitive behavioral therapy with some studies indicating up to 60 to 90% reduction in symptoms. - relapse rates are high for drug therapies if the drug is discontinued. Cognitive behavioral therapy Superior to be better at preventing relapse. |
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Related Disorders to OCD |
- body dysmorphia disorder - hoarding disorder -tricholillomania (hair-pulling disorder) -excoraition (skin-picking) disorder --- emphasis on difficulty inhibiting thoughts or behaviors periods self-regulation |
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Hoarding disorder |
- persistent difficulty discarding or parting with possessions, regardless of the value. - symptoms of the disorder cause clinically significant distress or impairment in Social, occupational or other important areas of functioning including maintaining and environment of self and or others. - hoarding was formerly a symptom of OCD but research suggests it is a distinct disorder with distinct treatments. Museum dsm-4, individuals with pathological hoarding behaviors could receive a diagnosis of obsessive-compulsive disorder, obsessive-compulsive personality disorder, anxiety disorder not otherwise specified or diagnosed at all. - prevalence of hoarding disorder is estimated at approximately 2 to 5%. |
