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13 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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What is Croup |
Heterogenous group of mainly acute and infectious processes that are characterised by brassy or bark-like cough maybe associated with hoarseness, inspiratory stridor, respiratory distress. |
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Stridor |
Harsh high pitched respiratory sound usually inspiratory but can be biphasic it is a sign of upper airway obstruction |
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What is the most common causative organism of croup |
Parainfluenza viruses and other viruses Influenza A n B, Adenoviruses, RSV and measles |
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What age group does crouo mainly affect |
3months to 5 years |
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Bacterial causes of croup |
Streptococcus pyogenes Strep pneumoniae Nontypeable H. influenzae Staphylococcus aureus |
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What is croup |
Viral infection of glottic and subglottic regions |
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Describe laryngeotracheobronchitis |
Extension of less severe form laryngeotracheitis with a bacterial superinfection that occurs 5 to 7 days into the clinical course |
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Clinical manifestations of Croup |
Rhinorrhoea, pharyngitis,mikd cough, low grade fever before signs and symptoms of obstruction occur: Barking cough, hoarseness and inspiratory stridor Symptoms are worse at night Exercebated by agitation and crying Alleviated by sitting up in bed Coryza Inflamed pharynx Increased respiratory rate Nasal flaring and retractions Oxygen sat are normal |
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Acute epiglottitis |
Characterised by an acute rapidly progressive and potentially fulminating course of high fever, sore throat, Dyspnoea, rapidly progressive respiratory obstruction. |
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Clinical features of Epiglottitis |
Drooling with neck hyperextended to help maintain airway Assumption of a tripod position Cyanosis and coma Large cherry red swollen epiglottis Thumb sign |
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What are the differential diagnosis of Croup |
Bacterial tracheitits Diptheria Measles croup Foreign body aspiration Retropharyngeal or peritonsillar abscess Laryngeal web Vascular ring |
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Complications of Croup |
Otitis media Bronchiolitis Pneumonia Bacterial tracheitis Toxic shock syndrome Meningitis Cervical lymphadenitis Pneumomediastinum and pneumothorax |
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How is Croup treated |
Nebulized racemic epinephrine- Reduce laryngeal edema Oral corticosteroids- antiinflammatory action reduces edema |
