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39 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Media is used as |
A unique socialization agent. A way for people to socialize |
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Adolescents live in a context that is not |
Not simply media rich but media saturated |
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Digital Drive |
The digital drive for media has become much smaller over time. |
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Media usage |
Up to about 8 hours a day not including multitasking |
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Cultivation Theory |
Adolescents are influenced by the context they are exposed to |
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Social Cognitive/Learning theory |
Individuals are likely to imitate behaviors they see performed by models if the behaviors are rewarded. |
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Uses and gratifications |
Adolescents choose the media that they are exposed to. Their pre existing interests and motives shape their media choices. |
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Media practice model |
Suggests a reciprocal approach. Adolescents choose what they are exposed to. Adolescents interpret media that shape their impact. |
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Controversial media |
Concerns about the negative influence of media on adolescents. Research in the impact of media is focused on sex violence and substance use. Restricting access. |
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Issues with the research done on impacts of media |
The hypothesized and reverse causation are not always correct |
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Sexual content |
More than 70 percent of all teen tv shows contain sexual content |
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Violent media content |
Adolescents are exposed to a great sea of violent imagery Violent video games have found to cause adolescents to get into more fights |
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Substance use with media content |
Alcohol tobacco or illicit drugs are present in prime time network, top grossing movies and half of all music videos. |
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Autonomy |
Becoming independent and self governing. |
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Generational shifts in autonomy |
More time away from supervision of adults More economically reliant on their families than prior generations. |
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Moral development in autonomy |
Focus on both reasoning and behaviors. |
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Kohlberg |
Administered moral dilemmas to boys from Chicago of various SES backgrounds Stage theory of moral development |
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Kohlbergs stages |
Pre conventional - Children Conventional - late childhood and early adolescence Post conventional - moves beyond the perspective of his/ her own society |
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Prosocial behavior |
Actions intended to benefit others. Sharing, donating, volunteering |
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Externalizing problems juvenile delinquency |
Multiple forms: Conduct disorder Aggression Delinquency |
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Age crime curve in delinquency |
Onset of serious delinquency generally begins between the ages 13 and 16. |
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Types of juvenile offenders |
Life - course persistent offenders Adolescent - limited offenders |
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Life - course persistent offenders |
Risk factors: biological underpinnings, early history of aggression, and cognitive vulnerabilities. |
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Adolescence - limited offenders |
Do not usually show signs of psychological problems. Still show more problems than teens who are not at all delinquent. |
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Prevent of juveniles |
Variation by offender
Two problems with prevention programs: - prevention too late -peer contagion/ shared deviance |
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Depression |
Emotional cognitive and motivational and behavioral symptoms |
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Sex differences in depression |
After puberty twice as many females as males suffer from a depressive disorder. Few differences in sex before puberty |
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Causes of depression |
Biology Genetics Early childhood trauma Learned patterns of negative thinking |
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Diathesis stress model |
Considers biological and environmental factors in the development of depression. |
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Treatment of depression |
Biological therapies Psychotherapies Family therapy |
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Suicide risk factors |
Mental heath problems Family history Substance use |
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Suicide ethnic and sex differences |
Highest among Native American youth. Higher rates of attempts among females. |
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Resiliency |
Ability to recover quickly from difficulties Being tough |
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Coping with stress : primary and secondary control |
Primary control- taking steps to change the source of stress Secondary control strategies- trying to adapt to the problem. |
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General principles of substance use |
Occasional experimentations vs enduring patterns Many problems are transitory Onset of problems Comorbidity of problems |
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Drug choice |
Marijuana over cigarettes |
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Trends in substance use |
Decrease of substance use from 1990 |
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Adolescents brain vulnerable to addiction |
Prefrontal cortex and reward system |
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Risk factors of substance use |
Family Psychological / personality Social Contextual |
