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47 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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where did Charles Ives study music?
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Yale
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what did Ives do to support his family at first?
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stated a highly successful insurance business
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what did Ives believe about music?
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it should be strong and never nice; nice was equated with being weak or superficially polite;
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what type of music was Ives' instrumental pieces?
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program pieces reflecting the New England life style he knew and loved
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What piece did Ives dedicate to the transcendentalists who he admired and shared?
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Concord Sonata
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what was Ives' song "General Putnam's Camp" about?
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a boy's imagination during the 4th of July at a revolutionary war campsite
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apprxmtly, how many songs did Ives write?
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150
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what things did Ives base his music on?
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tunes
quotes phrases complete melodies from hymns, rags, marches, and patriotic songs music of Bach and Stephen Foster |
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what were things Ives did to experiment with music?
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unusual tunings of instruments
bitonality and polytonality polyrhythms microtones |
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two or more rhythmic patterns
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polyrhythms
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What piece written by Ives won the pulitzer prize?
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Third Symphony
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What piece from Ives used instruments to answer a "question" which remained unanswered as well as using space and chance as an integral part?
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The Perennial Question of Existence
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What did Cowell base some of his programamtic pieces on?
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Irish folklore (his heritage)
Chinese Music Roman Catholic church music |
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what song did Cowell write while still in his teens?
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"The Tides of Mananaun"
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What was unique about Cowell's song "The Tides of Mananaun"?
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he used the flat of his hand or forearm to play large clusters of keys in the lower range of the piano evoking the sonds of the ocean tides
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a new kind of chord discovered by Cowell and others that built upon seconds rather than the thirds of conventional tonal harmony
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tone clusters
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what did Cowell do with pianos?
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plucked, stroked, strummed, or struck to produce different effects
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machine developed by cowell which made it possible to reproduce rhythms of a complexity beyond the capacity of human performance
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rhythmicon
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term coined by cowell which came to mean music of an advanced or experimental nature
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new music
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first person to bring Ives' music to public attention
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Cowell
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experimental music created in 1940 in Paris using recorded music and nonmusical sounds
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Concrete Music / Musique Concrete
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why was the new type of music give the name concrete?
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it could not be performed or interpreted; only existed on tape
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name the 5 steps of creating concrete music
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1. selecting sounds
2. recording on tape 3. manipulating the sounds using speed or backwards 4. mixing the sounds 5. cutting and pasting the tape aka montage |
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aka dodecaphony; a method of musical composition devised by Austrian composer Arnold Schoenberg; is a means of ensuring that all 12 notes of the chromatic scale are sounded as often as one another in a piece of music while preventing the emphasis of any one note
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12-tone technique
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Studied with Viennese composer Schoenberg; learned the 12-tone technique from him
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John Cage
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what were Cage's main interests?
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asian philosophies, religions, and musical styles
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name some things Cage used as instruments
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jap temple bells
gongs cowbells automobile brake drums anvils |
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piano that had metal, wood, and rubber applied to the strings in order to slow the rate at which the strings vibrated to change the pitch as well as the quality of sound
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prepared piano
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music in which some element of the piece is left to chance, and/or some element of a composed work's realization is left to the determination of its performer(s); involves a relatively limited number of possibilities.
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Chance Music
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studied in paris with Nadia Boulanger
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Aaron Copland
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what genre of music did not inspire copland?
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inpressionalism
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what is believed to be Copland's finest composition
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Piano Variations
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what was one reason Copland wrote music?
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for people suffering from the stock market crash
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what were Coplands' best known works?
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ballets (which were really Modern Dance)
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What was Copland accused of being at one time?
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having communist affiliations
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means "new romantics"; people who organized their compositions according to programmatic rather than strictly intellectual concepts, emphasizing lyrical melodies and richly dissonant harmonies with warm emotional expression
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Neoromantics
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neoromantic who was best known for "Knoxville: Summer of 1915" and "Adagio for Strings"
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Samuel Barber
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movement of the 20's in which African American painters, sculptors, poets, playwrights, musicians, novelists, and essayists broke from convention to "promote racial advancement thru artistic creativity"
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Harlem Renaissance
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who stimulated the harlem ren.?
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Zora Hurston
Langston Hughes |
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black musician that wrote several operas and ballets and film scores during the Harlem Renaissance
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William Grant Still
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stated that his goal was to "elevate Negro musical idioms to a position of dignity and effectiveness in the field of symphonic and operatic music"
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William Grant Still
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NYU student who used to the 12-tone technique to to extend and create total serialism
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Milton Babitt
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extension of the 12-tone technique n which various series are mathematically related to each other while independent in others
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Total Serialism / serialization / serial technique
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what genre of music was Babitt an early enthusiast of ?
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Electronic Music
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composer with interest in musical nationalism; known for large orchestras featuring distinct blocks of color
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William Schuman
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simple restful sonorities that changed very slowly over a drone; movements started in the 1960's
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Minimalism
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leading exponent of minimalism; studied with Nadia Boulanger; used women with a voices as a wordless instrument
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Philip Glass
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