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36 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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The hormone aldosterone functions to promote the
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reabsorption of sodium
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Extracellular fluids are characterized by relatively
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high sodium and low potassium levels
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The thirst center is located in the
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hypothalamus
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Transcellular fluid includes the water and electrolytes within
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joint cavities
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Intracellular fluids are characterized by relatively high concentrations of
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potassium and phosphate
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The movement of water and electrolytes between fluid compartments is regulated primarily by
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hydrostatic pressure and osmotic pressure
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During the act of drinking water, the desire for water is usually inhibited by
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distension of the stomach
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A person in a moderate environment probably would lose the greatest amount of water by means of
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urine
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WOTF metabolic processes is likely to serve as a source of hydrogen ions in body fluids
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All of the above
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The force that causes tissue fluid to enter lymphatic capillaries is
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osmotic pressure
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WOTF includes the greatest volume of total body water
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intracelluar fluid
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Acid-base buffer systems minimize pH by
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converting strong acids to weak acids
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WOTF is an example of a physiological buffer
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renal buffer
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The kidneys help to regulate the pH of body fluids by controlling the
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secretion of hydrogen ions
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Drinking alcohol produces a diuretic effect by
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inhibiting the release of ADH
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Water intoxication is caused by
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hypotonic extracellular fluid
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A person who is extremely dehydrated is likely to have a high fever because
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Water is needed for body temp. regulation
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As body fluids become more alkaline, neurons become
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excitable
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Obstruction of the airways leads to
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respiratory acidosis
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Prolonged diarrhea, in which the intestinal secretions are lost excessively, leads to
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metabolic acidosis
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Hyperventilation leads to
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respiratory alkalosis
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Prolonged vomiting in which only the stomach contents are lost leads to
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metabolic alkalosis
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Diabetes Mellitus in which fatty acids are converted to ketone bodies, leads to
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metabolic acidosis
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Ingestion of excessive amounts of sodium bicarbonate to relieve symptoms of indigestion may lead to
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metabolic alkalosis
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Compared to the average adult male, the average adult female body contains relatively
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less water and more adipose tissue
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Severe demands are placed on a person's ability to regulate body temp if body water loss exceeds
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2%
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T/F Any factor that alters water balance will also alter electrolyte balance
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True
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T/F The kidneys help to regulate the hydrogen ion concentration of body fluids by altering the rate at which hydrogen ions are secreted
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True
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The intracellular fluid compartment includes all Water and electrolytes enclosed by _____
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cell membranes
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The primary regulator of water intake is the mechanism of ____
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thirst
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The volume of urine produced is regulated mainly by the activity of the ____ _____ portion of the renal tubule and collecting tubule
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distal convoluted
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When electrolytes are deficient, a person may experience a desire to eat salty foods called _____
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salt craving
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The greatest loss of fluid electrolytes normally occurs as a result of ___ function
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kidney
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The primary mechanism that regulates the concentration of sodium ions in extracellular fluid involves a hormone secreted by the ______
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adrenal cortex
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Subtances that combine the hydrogen ions are called ____
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bases
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Somtimies the ____ groups of proteins release hydrogen ions
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carboxyl
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