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69 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
We need food, water, and of course air in order to live. The ______ system brings oxygen to all parts of our bodies. This body system never stops this vital job because we would not survive without air.
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Respiratory
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The rerespiratory system consists of specific parts, each with the special job. Air enters through the mouth and nose and is warmed. it moves to the ________, The chamber behind the mouth. This tube leads into two other tubes.
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Pharynx
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After air moves through the pharynx it continues downward. The _______directs the air into two separate branches or tubes. These tubes direct airr into the lungs.
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Trachea
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There are two branches of the trachea that direct air into the lungs.these tubes are called the______. They connect each of the two lungs to the windpipe. The exchange of oxygen and carbon dioxide takes place in the Lungs
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Bronchi
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The lungs are filled with tiny air sacs for this exchange of gases.these very tiny sacs are called ____ and are surrounded by blood vessels. It is here that the actual exchange of oxygen and carbon dioxide takes place.
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Alveoli
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The tiny blood muscles surrounding the alveoli are essential for transferring these two gases. These blood vessels, called ______ are the smallest of all blood vessels. Red blood cells travel through these tubes and exchange carbon dioxide for oxygen.
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Capillaries
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The brain helps regulate the breathing rate. There is a ______ center in the brain which sends signals to the diaphragm and chest muscles to control the pattern of breathing. This center will make sure that the body has the proper amount of oxygen in the body at all times.
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Respiratory
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The breathing process must get the outside air down into the lungs for this exchange process to take place. A very strong muscle called the ________ is located under the rib cage. It works with the lungs and ribs to get the air in, and waste gases out, of the lungs.
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Diaphragm
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The respiratory system can be damaged by various diseases.one such disease called _______ damages the tiny alveoli or air sacs of the lungs. Smoking has been linked with this disease.
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Emphysema
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Other types of disease can damage the lungs very badly. one such disease called _____ , is also linked with smoking. Smoking should be avoided in order to keep our lungs strong and healthy.
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Lung cancer
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Which of the following structures is not part of the upper respiratory tract?
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trachea
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Which part of the respiratory system does not function as an air distributor?
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Alveoli
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What is the superior opening of the larynx?
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Glottis
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Which of the following is not a function of the nose?
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Ingests food and water
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The fluid coating the alveoli that reduces surface tension is called
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Surfactant
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Which of the following is not a true statement
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Raising the ribs decreases the depth and width of the thorax
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When the diaphragm contracts, the volume of the thorax increases and thoracic pressure
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Decreases rushing air into lungs
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Increase in the carbon dioxide in the blood, results in
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increased H plus and decrease blood pH
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approximately 70% of carbon dioxide is transported as ___, where as the 10% is transported is dissolved in ____.
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Bicarbonate ion, plasma
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Most of the oxygen transported by the blood is
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Bound to hemoglobin
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which of the following does not occur during inspiration?
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Elevation of the diaphragm
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The basic rhythm of the respiratory cycle is generated by the
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medullary rhythmicity center
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Areas are gas exchange cannot take place are
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Anatomical dead spaces, nose, pharynx, larynx, trachea, bronchi, all of the above
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Under normal conditions, air in the atmosphere exert a pressure of
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760mmHg
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Prevents alveoli from collapsing do to surface tension
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Surfactant
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The exchange of gases in the alveoli occur via
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Simple diffusion
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Quiet inspiration occurs when the diaphragm and_______intercostals______.
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External, contract
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Which of the following muscles are not involved in forced expiration
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Sternocleidomastoid
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True or false
The epiglottis prevents food from entering the air way when swallowing |
True
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The pharynx is a tubelike structure that opens only into the mouth and larynx
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False
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The pharynx is known as the voice box
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False
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The rings of cartilage surrounding the trachea prevent it from collapsing and Shutting off the vital airway
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True
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The trachea divides into secondary bronchi
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False
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The left lung is divided into three lobes by the oblique and horizontal fissures
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False
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It is not possible to exhale all of the air from your lungs
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True
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Nitrogen is the gas of greatest concentration in the atmosphere
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True
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Air in the pleural space of the thoracic cavity is called a pneumothorax
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True
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The membrane directly lining the lungs is the parietal plura
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False
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During normal quiet respiration , the amount of air exchanged between lungs and atmosphere
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Tidal volume
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The largest amount of air that can enter and leave the lungs during respiration
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Vital capacity
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The volume remaining in the respiratory tract after maximum expiration
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Residual volume
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The amount of air that can be forcibly exhaled after expiring the tidal volume
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Expiratory reserve volume
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Vital capacity plus residual volume
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Total lung capacity
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Amount of air that can be inhaled during forced breathing in addition to tidal volume
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Inspiratory reserve volume
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Accelerated respiration
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Tachypnea
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Dyspnea that occurs when a person is lying down
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Orthopnea
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Reduced pulmonary ventilation
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Hypoventilation
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Increased pulmonary ventilation in excess of metabolic demand
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Hyperventilation
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Normal, relaxed, quiet breathing
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Eupnea
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Labored, gasping breathing; shortness of breath
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Dyspnea
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Temporary cessation of breathing
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Apnea
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Permanent cessation of breathing
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Respiratory arrest
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Increased rate and depth of breathing in response to excersice, pain, or other conditions
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Hyperpnea
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Deficiency of oxygen
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Hypoxia
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Malignancy of pulmonary tissue
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Lung cancer
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Very serious chronic, and highly infectious disease that prevents lung compliance
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Tuberculosis
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Displacement of nasal septum
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Deviated septum
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Nosebleed
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Epistaxis
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Inflammation of muscosa in nasal cavity(common cold)
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Rhinitis
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Inflammation of your pharynx(sore throat)
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Pharyngitis
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Inflammation of vocal cords
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Laryngitis
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Harsh, vibrating cough affecting infants
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Croup
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Inflammation due to common infection of bronchial tree
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Acute bronchitis
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Upper respiratory infection due to bacteria
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Sinusitis
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Long-term obstruction of airflow and a substantial reduction in pulmonary ventilation
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Pleuritis
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Bronchioconstriction due to allergens
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Asthma
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Accumulation of mucous in respiratory tract due to genetic defect
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Cystic fibrosis
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Lower respiratory infection of the alveoli that causes fluid build up in the lungs due to bacteria and viruses
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Pneumonia
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Superficial lung tissue becomes inflamed, resulting In a sharp pain in the chest that is worse with breathing, cough, chest tenderness, and shortness of breath
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COPD
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