Use LEFT and RIGHT arrow keys to navigate between flashcards;
Use UP and DOWN arrow keys to flip the card;
H to show hint;
A reads text to speech;
140 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
Regional Anatomy
|
Study of structures in a particular area of the body
|
|
Systemic Anatomy
|
Study of anatomy based on systems
|
|
Surface Anatomy
|
How internal structures relate to the overlying skin
|
|
Microscopic Anatomy
|
includes cytology and histology
|
|
Developmental Anatomy
|
Changes in body growth
|
|
Embryology
|
Study of the formation of the newborn
|
|
Pathologic Anatomy
|
Studies changes caused by disease
|
|
Radiographic Anatomy
|
Structures seen by xray
|
|
Molecular Biology
|
Study of biology at the smallest level
|
|
4 main tissue types
|
Epithelial, muscle, connective and nervous
|
|
11 organ systems
|
Integumentary, skeletal, muscular, nervous,endocrine, lymphatic, cardiovascular, respiratory, digestive, urinary and reproductive
|
|
Language of anatomy is based on
|
Latin roots and universally accepted
|
|
Anatomical Position
|
Feet slightly spread with hands open at sides
|
|
Supine Postion
|
lying flat on the back
|
|
Prone Postion
|
lying face down
|
|
Gross Anatomy
|
The study of body structures visible to the naked eye
|
|
Mesentery
|
Connective tissue that holds the intestines up
|
|
Pleural
|
Lining of the lungs
|
|
Peritoneum
|
lines the internal cavity
|
|
Axial part
|
Head, neck and trunk
|
|
Appendicular Part
|
legs and arms and their attachements to the Axial
|
|
Axillary
|
in the armpit
|
|
Brachial
|
the arm
|
|
Buccal
|
the cheek
|
|
Carpal
|
wrist
|
|
Cervical
|
neck
|
|
coxal
|
hip
|
|
crural
|
leg
|
|
Digital
|
Fingers or toes
|
|
Femoral
|
thigh
|
|
Frontal
|
Forehead
|
|
Hallux
|
Big toe
|
|
Inguinal
|
groin
|
|
Mammary
|
breast
|
|
Mental
|
chin
|
|
Nasal
|
Nose
|
|
Oral
|
Mouth
|
|
Orbital
|
eye socket
|
|
Palmar
|
palms of hands
|
|
Patellar
|
knee cap
|
|
Pedal
|
foot
|
|
Pelvic
|
Bony sturctures and the area surrounding the female genitalia
|
|
Peroneal (Fibular)
|
The side of the leg
|
|
Pollex
|
thumb
|
|
Pubic
|
genital region
|
|
Sternal
|
breastbone
|
|
Tarsal
|
ankle
|
|
Thoracic
|
Chest
|
|
Umbilical
|
navel
|
|
Acromial
|
the shoulder
|
|
Calcaneal
|
heel of the foot
|
|
Cephalic
|
head
|
|
Dorsum
|
back
|
|
Gluteal
|
buttocks
|
|
Lumbar
|
the back between the hips and the ribs
|
|
Manus
|
hand
|
|
Occipital
|
the back of the head or base of the skull
|
|
Olecranel
|
back of the elbow
|
|
Otic
|
ear
|
|
Perineal
|
the place between the vagina or the penis and the anus
|
|
Plantar
|
sole of the foot
|
|
Popliteal
|
back of the knee
|
|
Sacral
|
the lowest portion of the spine between the hips
|
|
Scapular
|
the shoulder blade
|
|
Sural
|
Calf or back of leg
|
|
Vertebral
|
the spinal column
|
|
Superior
|
above
|
|
Inferior
|
below
|
|
Anterior
|
In front of
|
|
Posterior
|
in back of
|
|
Medial
|
Closer to the midline
|
|
Lateral
|
Away from the midline
|
|
Cephalad (cranial)
|
toward the head
|
|
Caudal
|
Toward the tail or tailbone
|
|
Dorsal
|
the back side
|
|
Ventral
|
the anteror or belly side
|
|
Proximal
|
close to the trunk of the body
|
|
Distal
|
Further from the trunk of the body
|
|
Superficial
|
at the surface
|
|
Deep
|
Away from the surface
|
|
Section
|
cut through a tissue or body
|
|
Plane
|
orientation of an imaginary line drawn through a tissue, body or organ
|
|
Sagittal plane
|
runs up and down, divides the body into right and left parts
|
|
Midline sagittal or median plane
|
down the center
|
|
Parasagittal
|
down the body off center
|
|
Frontal Plane (coronal plane)
|
runs up and down dividing the body into front and back
|
|
Transverse plane (cross section)
|
horizontal cut which divides the body into superior and inferior parts
|
|
Thoracic cavity
|
Ventral, contains heart and lungs and mediastinum
|
|
Mediastinum
|
Area between the heart and lungs
|
|
Abominopelvic cavity
|
usually separated into the abdominal and pelvic cavities
|
|
Pelvic Cavity
|
Ventral-bony pelvic, reproductive organs, bladder and rectum
|
|
Dorsal Cavity
|
Back of the body-contains the Cranial cavity and the vertebral cavity
|
|
Ventral Cavity
|
front of body contains the Thoracic and abdominopelvic cavities
|
|
Cranial cavity
|
Dorsal contents of the skull
|
|
Vertebral cavity
|
dorsal spinal column
|
|
Abdominal Cavity
|
Ventral usually divieded into quadrants
|
|
Minor Body Cavities
|
Oral, Nasal, Orbital, Middle ear, Synovial Cavities.
|
|
Synovial Cavities
|
joints
|
|
Nine regions of Abdomen
|
Hypochondirac/epigastric/hypochondriac---Lumbar/umbilical/lumbaf---iliac/hypogastric/iliac
|
|
iliac
|
also called inguinal region
|
|
Visceral Serosa
|
Body Membrans covers the body organs
|
|
Serous Menmbrane
|
lines the body cavities
|
|
Parietal serose
|
Covers the body walls
|
|
Peritoneum
|
lining of the abdomen
|
|
Pleura
|
lining of the lungs
|
|
Right Hypochondriac region organs
|
liver, gallbladder
|
|
Right Lumbar region organs
|
Ascending colon of large intestine
|
|
Right iliac (inguinal) region organs
|
cecum
|
|
Epigastric regions organs
|
stomach
|
|
Umbilical region organs
|
Transverse colon of large intestine, small intestine,
|
|
Hypogastric (pubic region) organs
|
Appendix, urinary bladder
|
|
Left Hypochondriac region organs
|
Diaphragm,
|
|
Left Lumbar region organs
|
Descending colon of the large intestine
|
|
Left iliac (inguinal) region organs
|
Initial part of sigmoid colon
|
|
Axial region
|
Head, neck, thorax, abdomen, pelvis, perineum
|
|
Trunk region
|
thorax, abdomen, pelvis, perineum
|
|
Appendicular region
|
Limbs
|
|
Thymus
|
irregular mass of glandular tissue overlaying the heart
|
|
Heart
|
Medial oval sturcture enclosed within the pericardium (serious membrane sac)
|
|
Lungs
|
flanking the heart of either side
|
|
Trachea
|
tubelike "windpipe" running medially down the throat; part of the respiratory system
|
|
Bronchi
|
Two passageways that plunge laterally into the tissue of the two lungs
|
|
Esophagus
|
A food chute; the part of the digestive system that transports food from the pharynex (throat) to the stomach
|
|
Diaphragm
|
A thin muscle attached to the inferior boundary of the rib cage; separates the thoracic and abdominal cavities
|
|
Stomach
|
A curved organ important in food digestion and temporary food storage
|
|
Small intestine
|
Connected to the stomach and ending just before the saclike cecum
|
|
Large intestine
|
A large muscular tube connected to the small intestine and ending at the anus
|
|
Cecum
|
The initial portion of the large intestine
|
|
Rectum
|
Terminal part of the large intestine; continuous with the anal canal
|
|
Anus
|
The opening of the digestive tract (through the anal canal) to the exterior
|
|
Mesentery
|
An apronlike serous membrane; suspends many of the difestive organs in the abdominal cavity.
|
|
Pancreas
|
A diffuse gland; rests dorsla to and in the mesentery between the first portion of the small intestine and the stomach
|
|
Spleen
|
A dark red organ curving around the left lateral side of the stomach; considered part of the lymphatic system and often called the red blood cell graveyard.
|
|
Liver
|
Large and brownish red; the most superior organ in the abdominal cavity, directly beneath the diaphragm
|
|
Kidneys
|
Bean-shaped organs; retroperitoneal
|
|
Adrenal glands
|
Large endocrine glands that sit astride the superior margin of each kidney; considered part of the endocrine system
|
|
Ureter
|
Tube running from the indented region of a kidney to the urinary bladder
|
|
Urinary bladder
|
The sac that serves as a reservoir for urine
|
|
Inferior vena cava
|
The large vein that returns blood to the heart from the lower regions of the body
|
|
Descending aorta
|
Deep to the inferior vena cave; the largeest artery of the body; carries blood away from the heart down the midline of the body
|