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27 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
Medial Cavity of Thorax
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-Mediastinum
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Lateral Cavity of Thorax
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-Lungs & Plurae
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Thoracic Inlet
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-Clinically called "outlet"
-Posterior --> 1st Thoracic Vertebrae -Lateral --> medial border of rib 1 -Anterior --> superior border of manubrium |
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Thoracic Outlet
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-covered by diaphragm
-Posterior --> 12th thoracic vertebra -Lateral --> curve of costal margin -Anterior --> Xiphosternal Joint |
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Thoracic Portion of Vertebral Column
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-Concave forwarrd
-12 Vertebrae |
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Typical Thoracic Vertebra
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-Body is medium sized & heart-shaped
-Vertebral foramen is small & circular -Spines are long & point inferiorly -Costal Facets on lateral aspects of body (for articulation with heads of ribs) -Costal Facets on transverse processes (for articulation with tubercles of ribs) |
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Sternum
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-Flat bone with 3 parts
1) Manubrium 2) Body 3) Xiphoid Process |
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Manubrium
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-triangular
-articulates with clavicles & 1st and upper part of 2nd costal cartilage |
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Sternum (Body)
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-Lateral border is notched for articulation with the lower part of the 2nd-7th costal cartilage
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Xiphoid Process
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-smallest part of sternum
-inferior portion |
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Costal Cartilage
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-Bars of hyaline cartilage
-Connect upper 7 ribs directly to the lateral edge of the sternum = true ribs -Connect ribs 8-10 to the 7th costal cartilage = false ribs -Cartilage of ribs 11-12 end in abdominal musculature = floating ribs |
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True Ribs
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-Ribs 1-7
-articulate directly with sternum through costal cartilage with same numbers |
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False Ribs
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-Ribs 8-10
-Don't directly articulate with sternum |
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Floating Ribs
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-Ribs 11-12
-Don't have costal cartilage |
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Cervical Rib
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-An extra rib above Rib 1
-Found in 0.5% of the population unilaterally -Found bilaterally in half of those that have cervical ribs |
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Sternal Angle of Louis
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-Joint between manubirum & sternum
-Located at T4 level -Correlates with 2nd rib |
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Ribs
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-12 Pairs
-Each connected posteriorly to the thoracic vertebrae -1-7 --> true ribs -8-10 --> false ribs -11-12 --> floating ribs |
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Head of Rib (articulation)
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-head of rib articulates with Thoracic vertebrae of same number and one above it
-Ex. 6th rib articulates with T6 & T5 |
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Costal Groove
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-Vasculature & Nerves run in costal groove
-Veins, Arteries, Nerves (from superior to inferior) |
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Intercostal Spaces
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-each space includes 3 muscles of respiration and a neurovascular bundle
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External Intercostal Muscle
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-Fibers pass inferior & anterior ("hands in pocket")
-Run from inferior border of a rib to superior border of rib below it -Extend from vertebrae (posterior) to the costo-chondral junction (anterior) -Muscle on posterior side --> turns into anterior (external) intercostal membrane anteriorly |
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Internal Intercostal Muscle
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-fibers run perpendicular to external intercostal muscle fibers (perpendicular to "hands in pocket" orientation)
-Fibers pass inferior & posterior from the sternum to the angles of the ribs -Muscle becomes posterior (internal) intercostal membrane posteriorly |
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Innermost Intercostal Muscle
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-separated from the internal intercostal muscles by the intercostal nerves & vessels
-Veins arteries & nerves run between innermost intercostal & internal intercostal mm. |
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Collateral Vessels
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-less important and smaller than vessels & nerves that run in costal grooves
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Subcostal Muscle
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-similar to innermost intercostal muscle, but traverses 2-3 ribs
-posterior rib cage |
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Traversus Thoracis
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-crosses more than one intercostal space
-thin muscle arising from xiphoid process and inferior part of body of the sternum to insert on the 2nd to 6th costal cartilage |
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Levatores Costarum Muscles
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-12 fan shaped muscles arising from the transverse processes of C7 to T11 vertebrae
-Insert inferiorly on ribs -Raise ribs |