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54 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
1. Cells contain smaller structures called ______ that carry out their metabolic functions.
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Organelles
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2. ____ was the first to produce a microscope capable of viewing a single cell.
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Leeuwenhoek
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Our thumbs are said to be ____ because we can cross our palms with them to touch our finger tips.
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Opposable
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4. ____ is the body’s tendency to maintain stable internal conditions.
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Homeostasis
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5. All chemical change in the body is collectively called _____
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Metabolism
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6. The study of structures that can be observed without magnification is called _____
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Gross anatomy
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7. A ____ is any chemical composed to two or more atoms bonded together whether the atoms are the same or different elements.
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Molecule
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8. The sex of a person from which a tissue is taken could be determined from the ____, a chart in which photographs of the chromosomes are arranged in the homologous pairs.
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Karyotype
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9. The opposite of dehydration synthesis is a/an ____reaction.
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9) Hydrolysis
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10. Any chemical that speeds up a reaction but is not consumed by it is called a/an ____
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10) Catalyst
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11. Whenever two or more substances are physically combined but do not chemically react with each other, they form a ____
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Mixture
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12. Compounds that ionize in water that produce a solution that will conduct electricity are called_____
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Electrolytes
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13. The formula for carboxyl group is____
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COOH
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14. A protein that functions as a biological catalyst is called a ____
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Enzyme
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15. T/F Fats are described as saturated is they have no double bonds between atoms.
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True
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16. T/F A dipeptide is a molecule with two peptide bonds
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True
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17. T/F When sodium ionizes in the presence of chlorine and becomes the sodium ion, Na+, the sodium is oxidized.
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True
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18. T/F In human physiology, a manganese and copper are trace elements, whereas sodium and iron are present in quantities too large to be classified as trace elements.
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True
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19. The plasma membrane is said to be ____ because it allows some substances to pass through but excludes others.
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Selectively Permeable
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20. ____ is a process of membrane transport that depends on the hydrostatic pressure exerted on fluid
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Filtration
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One difference between facilitated diffusion and active transport is that facilitated fusion moves substances down their ____, while active transport can move them up.
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21) Concentration gradient
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The plasma membrane is composed mainly of protein and ____ molecules.
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Phospholipids
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Anatomy is the study of?
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Structure
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Which of the following terms is defined as the study of structure by means of the cutting and separation of tissues test ?
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dissection
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Which of the following terms is defined as examining the body for signs of normalcy or disease by touching structures with the finger tips?
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palpation
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Which of the following terms is defined as examining the body for signs of normalcy or disease by listening to the natural sounds made by the body such as heart and lung sounds?
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auscultation
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Which of the following terms is defined as examining the body for signs of normalcy or disease by listening to a sound while tapping on the body?
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percussion
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Which of the following scientists were the first to describe blood flow as a continuous circuit around the body from the heart to the organs and back to the heart again?
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Servetus and Harvey
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The word "physiology" is derived from the word "physiologi" which was first used by this scientist when identifying diseases caused by natural phenomenon rather than those attributed to supernatural causes.
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Aristotle
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Which of the following terms is used to describe our ability to sense and react to a variety of stimuli?
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responsiveness
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In the hierarchy of organization of living things, which of the following is the simplest level at which we see all the basic functions of life?
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cells
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Which of the following scientists is the famous Italian physiologist who published the first atlas of anatomy, De Humani Corporis Fabrica in 1543?
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Andreas Vesalius
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In a feedback loop, which of the following components carries out the response necessary to restore homeostasis in an unbalanced system?
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effector
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Which type of feedback loop will result in a self-amplification response in the same direction, rather than lead to a corrective effect?
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positive feedback loop
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Which medical imaging technique is most useful for visualizing soft tissues?
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magnetic resonance imaging
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Which of the following medical imaging techniques is used to assess the metabolic state of tissue?
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positron emission tomography
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Which of the following methods of medical imaging uses sound wave reverberations to visualize internal organs?
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sonography
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Which level of organization of living things represents more than one cell type sharing a common function?
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tissue
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Complex, multicellular organisms usually consist of multiple
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tissues.
organs. organ systems |
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A person can be declared legally dead if he or she has
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no brain waves for 24 hours.
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Repair of the thumb is given the highest priority when repairing damage to the hand.
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True
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Color vision is a hallmark of primate evolution and adaptation.
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True
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Anatomical terms coined from the names of people are called nomina anatomica.
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False
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Which of the following scientists treated Roman gladiators and published a highly regarded medical textbook based on his observations and animal dissections?
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Galen
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Who is considered the father of modern medicine?
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Hippocrates
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Which of the following scientists was famous for having recorded his observations of "little anamacules" and is therefore one of the first scientists credited with having examined life at a microscopic level?
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Antony van Leeuwenhoek
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Which of the following scientists improved the optics of the compound light microscope, added several controls, and was later the first to describe "cellulae" (little cells) when describing what he saw when looking at cork cells?
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Robert Hooke
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A law of nature describes in general the predictable ways in which matter and energy behave.
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True
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Scientists and lawyers use the word "theory" in the same way.
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False
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Carl Zeiss is one of the scientists credited with having improved the compound light microscope such that chromatic aberrations were significantly minimized.
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TRUE
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Theodor Schwann and Matthias Schleiden are the two scientists credited with having been the first to conclude that all living things are composed of cells.
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True
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The philosophers credited with having invented new habits of scientific thought and therefore turning science into what is recognized today as a more objective and systematic approach to information research are:
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Francis Bacon and Rene Descartes
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The purpose of a hypothesis is to suggest a method for answering a specific question.
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True
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The main contribution of all the scientists and philosophers discussed in this first chapter was that they
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helped replace superstition with an appreciation of natural laws.
were pioneers in establishing a scientific way of thinking. bridged the chasm between mystery and medication. Correct answer: All of the above are aspects of these people's contributions. |