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52 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
Are Pelvic Viscera Retroperitoneal?
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No, all Pelvic Viscera lie outside the Peritoneal Cavity
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Peritoneal Pouches around Uterus
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Vesicouterine pouch anterior
Rectouterine pouch posterior Pararectal Fossae on either side of rectum |
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Lowest point of Peritoneal Cavity in Women?
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Rectouterine pouch or Pararectal Fossae
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Rectovesical Pouch
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separates bladder from upper 2/3 of rectum in males
lowest point of Peritonuem, or Pararectal Fossae |
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Supravesical Fossae
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formed by reflection of peritoneum b/t bladder and Anterior body wall
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Paravesicular Fossae
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either side of partially filled bladder
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Broad Ligament of Uterus
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Uterus and Uterine Tubes are engulfed in double layer of peritoneum, "Broad Ligament"
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Rectum
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partially Retroperitoneal, partially Subperitoneal
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Ureters
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Retroperitoneal
enter bladder on posterolateral side Passively blocks ureters when bladder is full |
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Ureter blood supply/innervation
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T11-L2
small branches of common iliacs, inferior vesical arteries in females, Ureteric Branch from Uterine artery |
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Puboprostatic Ligament
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men
attaches bladder via prostate gland to pubis |
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Pubovesical Ligament
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Women
attaches bladder to pubis |
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Bladder Anatomy
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Urachus: located at apex
Urethra at neck Trigonal muscle is confined to smooth Trigone area inside bladder |
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Bladder Innervation
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Vesical Plexus, an anterior extension of Inf. Hypogastric
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Parasympathetic Innervation of Bladder
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Pelvic Splanchnic (S2-4)-reflex of emptying bladder
motor to Detrusor Muscle |
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Sympathetic Innervation of Bladder
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found in trigone area
used in contraction of internal urethral sphincter in male ejaculation |
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Afferent Innervation of Bladder
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pain from full bladder is felt through afferents in parasympathetic innervation
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Bladder Arterial Supply
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Sup. and Inf. vesical
Vaginal and Deferential |
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Female Urethra
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shorter
has no internal urethral sphinchter, but has external |
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Paraurerthral Glands
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homologs of Prostate in women
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Urethral Crest
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Median crest of Prostatic Urethra
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Prostatic Sinuses
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either side of Urethral Crest
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Prostatic Ducts
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open into Prostatic Sinuses
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Prostatic Utricle
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homolog of vagina
found in seminal colliculus |
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Ejaculatory Ducts
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open into urethra on either side of prostatic Utricle
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Internal/External urethral sphinchter in men
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internal-involuntary
external-voluntary |
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Arterial Supply of Rectum
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Sup. rectal.: branch of Inf. Mesenteric
middle rectal: branch of I. Iliac Inf. rectal: branch of Internal Pudendal |
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Venous Drainage of Rectum
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Inf. Rectal: drains into Internal Pudendal
Middle rectal: drains into I. Iliac Sup. Rectal: drains into Inf. Mesenteric |
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Innervation of Rectum
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Symp: goes to blood vessels
Para: primary motor and pain reception -Pelvic Splanchnics S2-4 |
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Zones of Anal Canal
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Cutaneous-most Inf.
Intermediate: middle, contains pectinate line True Mucous Membrane: most Sup. |
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Epididymis
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cellular maturation of sperm
connected to ductus deferens |
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Ductus Deferens (vas Deferens)
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ascends through spermatic cord to inguinal canal, entering abdomen through deep inguinal ring
crosses medially toward bladder, going superior to ureter joins w/ seminal vesicle to form ejaculatory duct |
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Innervation and blood supply of Ductus Deferens
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Artery to ductus deferens
autonomic from Inf. Hypogastric Plexus |
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Seminal Vesicle
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secrete fructose rich compound to provide sperm energy
lies b/t rectum and bladder joins with vas deferens to form ejaculatory duct |
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Ejaculatory ducts
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formed from seminal vesicles and vas deferens
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Prostate Gland
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produces prostatic fluid, 20% of semen volume
activates sperm Inf. to bladder, rests on perineal membrane |
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Lobes of Prostate
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2 lateral lobes
1 anterior lobe 1 middle lobe 1 posterior lobe |
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Prostate Arterial Supply/Innervation
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Prostatic branches from Inf. Vesical and Middle Rectal
Inf. Hypogastric Plexus |
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Bulbourethral Glands
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embedded in external urethral sphinchter
secretions make up a small amount of semen volume |
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Ejaculation Pathway
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Sperm from Testes-->Epididymis-->Ductus Deferens-->Seminal Gland secretion-->Ejaculatory Duct-->Prostatic Urethra (prostatic secretions)-->Bulbourethral Gland secretions
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Ovary
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female gonads
attached to Uterus through Ovarial Ligament |
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Uterine Tubes (fallopian tubes)
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conduct egg from Ovary to Uterus
Fert. usually occurs in Fallopian Tubes |
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Uterus
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normally Anteflexed and Anteverted
Fundus: rounded upper segment Body: uterine tubes enter Isthsmus: narrow part b/t body and cervix Cervix: narrow, opens into vagina |
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Uterus Artery supply
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Uterine arteries from Internal Iliac
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Vagina
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usually collapsed
Cervix protrudes in, forming Fornices opens into the Vaginal Vestibule connected to Urethra through External Sphinchter |
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Vagina blood supply/innervation
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vaginal branches from uterine, vaginal, and internal pudendal
Pelvic portion innervated by Uterovaginal plexus Perinal portion innervated by pudendal nerve |
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Os Coxal
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hip bones
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Obturator Foramen
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formed by Ischium and Pubis
round in males, triangular in females |
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Anterior Longitudinal Ligament
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starts at C1, found on anterior aspect of sacrum
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Pelvic Diaphragm
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made of Levator Ani and Coccygeus
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Levator Ani
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Puborectalis: reinforces action of sphincters of anal canal and vagina
Pubococcygeus: supports anal canal, vagina and urethra in women Iliococcygeus: |
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Coccygeus
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posterior to Iliococcygeus
attaches to spine of ischium and coccyx and lower sacrum |