Animal Science Vocab 2

Term commonly used to describe the beauty and freshness of a female in early lactation, also for animals in the peak of condition for a show or sale

The process of inspecting an animals teeth (usually sheep or horses) to determine the age

Color of the lean (muscle) in the carcass has a dark appearance, usually caused by stress (excitement, etc.) To the animal before slaughter

A ration which furnishes all the necessary nutrients in the proportions and amounts needed by an animal for normal functioning and growth

The growth hormone from the anterior pituitary that stimulates nitrogen retention and growth

The time when a female is receptive to service from a breeding male, timed to the imminent release of the ovum (egg) for fertilization

Mature female bovine, usually two years of age or older

Livestock and wild animals, consume standing vegetation

The method of castrating young male animals by choking off circulation to the testicles by means of a heavy ring put in place with a special tool

A chemical element or compound that is essential for normal body metabolism, growth, and production. Includes: carbohydrates, fats, proteins, vitamins, minerals, and water

Recovery of Zygote(s) from female and transplanted to a recipient(s) that act as a surrogate mother to complete the embryo and fetal development to full term and parturition. Enables an outstanding female to produce multiples of her genetic offspring in a short period of time.

An animal of inferior breeding and/or individually

Visual appearance of an animal that is an expression of its genotype (internal genetic makeup)

See Brucellosis- Contagious abortion in beef and dairy cattle, caused by Brucellosis germ. Same disease in humans is known as undulant fever.

A term indicating fineness of texture as opposed to coarseness. Used to indicate relative merit of various productive and/or conformation traits in describing a single animal or comparing two or more animals

Domestic farm animals kept for productive purposes includes beef and dairy cattle, sheep and goats, swine, and (can include) poultry

Animals having a stomach with several compartments (rumen, reticulum, omasum, and abomasum). Their digestive process is more complex, than true stomach animals such as horses and pigs. Common ruminants include cattle, sheep and goats.

A feeding pen built with a small entrance through which only young, small animals can enter. This prevents larger animals from entering.

A genetic defect in swine inherited as a simple recessive. It is associated with heavy muscled animals that may suddenly die when exposed to stressful conditions. Their muscle is usually pale, soft, and exudative (PSE)

A livestock term that denotes an ideal or standard of perfection combining all the characteristics which contribute to an animal's value and efficiency for the purpose specified.

The amount of food supplied to an animal for a definite period, usually for a day. Also, can refer to the ingredients which comprise the daily amount of feed

The science of the study of inheritance

The mechanical injection of male semen into the womb of the female with a special syringe-like apparatus. The process begins with the collection of semen from the male. This method is used extensively in the dairy industry.

The placenta and membranes with which the fetus is connected to the mother's uterus. It is expelled following parturition.

Having only one stomach or stomach compartment