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54 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
Nuclear family
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A married or common law couple and their dependant children
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Extended family
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A collection of nuclear families related by ties of blood that live together in one household
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Blended or reconstituted family
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Parents with children from one or more previous marriages or unions
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Childless family
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Couple without children
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Common law family
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Unmarried couple with or without children
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Socialization
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Process by which people learn to become members of society
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Divorce
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A judicial declaration dissolving a marriage in whole or in part.
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Laissez-Faire
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Provides little or no direction and gives members as much freedom as possible.
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Horizontal division of labour
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Identifies both the range and limits of authority for people in each position. Each person is responsible to a specific person one level up and responsible to a specific person one level down.
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Vertical division of labour
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All labour is shared equally and no one's job is above the other.
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List and explain the 3 assertions of work.
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Work is central to our existence
- Most of us will spend most of our lifetime working. Our society counts on salaries for their existence. - Work is the product of social relationship between different groups of people. People seek meaning to their work - Humans work for more than just economic survival or comfort of living |
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How are advertisements used as an agent of socialization?
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They introduce and tell people possible ways to act, appear, and think.
Ex. Beauty products; to be beautiful, you must buy these products |
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Why are families important? (Purposes and responsibilities)
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They provide certain basic needs, such as food, shelter, clothing, social support, and nurture.
Families are responsible for the primary socialization of their children. Parents control much of the early learning environment of their children. Socialization is both intentional and unintentional. |
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What are the 5 characteristics of bureaucracies?
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Division of labour, hierarchy of positions, rules, impersonality, and hiring/promotion based on technical merit.
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What is division of labour?
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Workers made products from start to finish.
Every member of a bureaucracy performs named and distinguished duties. |
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What is hierarchy of positions?
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Each person is responsible to a specific person one level up and responsible for a specific group of people one level down.
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What are rules?
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Allows bureaucracies to formalize and classify many different circumstances that it confronts.
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What is impersonality?
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Separation of a person from the office.
Each person is an office holder and authority of this office is defined. |
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What is hiring/promotion based on technical merit?
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People are expected to be hired based on their skills. Hiring is done on a basis of impersonal criteria.
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How does education separate us from animals?
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Education has allowed human beings to create complex technologies.
Education has given us the ability to create social institutions and structures. Our education is formal and organized within an institution. Formal education is unique to humans. |
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Why is the prevalence rate for divorce close to 50%?
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Individualism, romantic love fades, women are less dependant on men, marriages are stressful, and divorce is socially acceptable.
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Which of the 4 leadership styles do you identify with the most?
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Democratic:
Promotes the sharing of responsibility, the exercises of delegation, and continual consultation. Welcomes feedback. Encourage others. Seeks consultation. |
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Why does domestic violence exists in our society?
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Stereotypes:
Rigid and inflexible image of the characteristics of a group. Attributes these characteristics to all individuals to that group. Ex. media sees females as sexual objects, passive, sexy, and dependant on men. These stereotypes appear to legitimize men using destructive behaviour, such as abuse. |
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Capitalism
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Based on private ownership of the means of production – wealth generating property.
An exchange relationship between owners and workers. |
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Centralized Structure
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Degree in which decision making process is concentrated at a single junction within the organization.
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Advertisements
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An agent of socialization that uses media to try to make people look, act, or think a certain way.
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Advocacy
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Public support or recommendation of a particular social cause or policy
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Monogamy
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Exclusive relationship between 2 people
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Primary Socialization
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Socialization is both intentional and unintentional, imposed and reciprocal.
Families are responsible for the primary socialization of their children. |
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Hunter gather work
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Engaged in a subsistence economy.
Small groups of people living off the land. Hunting, fishing. |
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Secondary industry
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Involves the processing of raw materials into useable goods and services.
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Conventional Roles
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Based on established practices or acceptable standards.
Husband/father as breadwinner and wife/mother as homemaker. |
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Decentralized Structure
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Where an organization delegates authority to all levels of management and throughout the organization.
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Authoritarian Leadership
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Leader that tells members what they want done and how they want it accomplished without getting advice from followers.
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Card Stacking
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Technique used to sway people to a certain way of thinking by focusing on one side of the issue and repressing the other.
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Hidden curriculum
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Unwritten purposes and goals of school life; transmission of norms/values.
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Family
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Smallest social unit in society.
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Polygamy
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Relationship between 2 or more people.
Used to be common in pre-industrial societies and still permitted in few. |
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Work
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Paid employment in the labour force, unpaid chores at home, and volunteer services in the community.
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Globalization
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Attempt to make goods and services available globally by offering customers a product that appeals to different societies and cultures.
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Shared Roles
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Where both parties do all work and/or household responsibilities.
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Bureaucracy
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Created by Max Weber during the Industrial Revolution.
Organizational model designed to perform tasks efficiently. |
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Self-Employment
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A person who owns, organizes, and manages an independent business.
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Mass media
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Forms of communication to reach large audiences without direct face to face contact between those creating and receiving the messages.
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Enculturation
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Passing on of culture which teaches us how to "fit in" and be accepted by other members of our cultural group.
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Domestic Violence
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Acts of violence/abuse against a person living in one's household.
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Industrial Society Work
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When machine moved workers from home into factories.
People became employees instead of independent workers. Cities became overcrowded. |
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Tertiary Industry
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Segment of the economy providing services to its consumers.
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Free Choice Marriage
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Based on romantic love with the belief that personal and emotional compatibility and love are more important than family concerns.
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Hierarchy of offices
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Ranking positions in an organization in order of dominance or importance.
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Gender Wage Gap
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Average difference between males' and females' hourly earnings.
Caused by differences in types of position, amount of work experience, and breaks in employment. |
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Ownership Concentration
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Amount of stock owned by individual investors and large-block shareholders.
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Formal education
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Learning that takes place in institutions in an organized way.
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Popular culture
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Culture produced and shared through mass media by a large number of people over wide areas.
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