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47 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
based on number processes that extend from the cell body/soma of the neuron
-unipolar, bipolar, or multipolar |
categorization of neurons
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neurons have only a single process leading away from the soma and include sensory neurons going to the SC
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unipolar neuron
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-have two processes arising from the soma
-one axon and one dendrite -ex: olfactory cells, retinal cells, and inner ear cells |
bipolar neurons
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-have many processes extending from the soma
-1 axon and multipole dendrites -most common type of neuron, including most neurons of the brain and SC |
multipolar neurons
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includes the brain and SC
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CNS
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-Sensory/afferent divison
-motor/efferent division |
Peripheral Nervous System (PNS)
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1) somatic sensory division and visceral sensory division
2) Somatic motor division and Autonomic Nervous System (ANS) |
1) Sensory/afferent division
2) motor/efferent division |
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-Parasympathetic Nervous System (PSNS)
-Sympathetic Nervous System (SNS) |
Autonomic Nervous System (ANS)
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-Pons
-Medulla Oblongata -Cerebellum |
Hindbrain
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-corpora quadrigemina
-superior colliculus -inferior colliculus -cerebral peduncles |
midbrain
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-Midbrain
-Pons -Medulla Oblongata |
Brainstem
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-Cerebrum
-Diencephalon -Pituitary Gland |
Forebrain
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-cerebral cortex
-fornix -corpus collaosum -frontal lobe -parietal lobe -temporal lobe -occipital lobe |
Cerebrum
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-thalamus
-hypothalamus -mammillary body -infundibulum -pineal gland |
Diencephalon
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flow of CSF
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secreted by choroid plexus in lateral ventricle --> flows through interventric. foramina to 3rd vent. --> 3 vent. choroid plexus adds more CSF --> flows down cerebral aquaduct to 4th vent. --> choroid plex. of 4th vent. adds more CSF --> flows out to 2 lateral apertures and one median apenture --> fill subarach. space and bathe external surface of brain and SC --> at arach. villi CSF reabsorbed into venous blood of duran venous sinuses
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-sensory
-innervated olfactory mucosa |
olfactory I
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-sensory
-innervates the retina |
Optic II
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-motor
-innervates muscles of the eye |
oculomotor III
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-motor
-innervates superior oblique muscle of each eye |
trochlear IV
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-mixed/both
-sensory= face, nasal mucosa, sinuses, mouth -motor=muscles of mastication (chewing) |
Trigeminal V
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-motor
-innervates lateral rectus muscles of each eye |
Abducens VI
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-both
-sensory= taste -motor= muscles of facial expression and glands |
Facial VII
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-sensory
-innervates the inner ear |
vestibulocochlear VIII
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-both
-sensory: taste, tongue, carotid sinuses -motor: salivary glands, muscles for swallowing |
Glossopharyngeal IX
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-both
-sensory: taste, thoracic, and abdominal viscera -motor: tongue, larynx, lungs, heart, GI tract, kidneys |
Vagus X
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-motor
-innervates: swallowing; muscles in neck |
accessory XI
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-motor
-innervates tongue muscles |
hypoglossal XII
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-C1-C5
-innervates the phrenic nerve |
cervical plexus
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-C5-T1
-innervates the musculocatenous nerve, axillary nerve, radial nerve, median nerve, and ulnar nerve |
Brachial Plexus
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-L1-L4
-innervates the femoral nerve |
Lumbar Plexus
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-L4-S4
-innervates the sciatic nerve (common fibular nerve + tibial nerve) |
Sacral plexus
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-bony labyrinth
-membranous labyrinth -cochlea -vestibule -semicircular ducts |
inner ear
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-tympanic membrane
-tympanic cavity -ossicles -eustacian tube -tensor tympani muscle -sapedius muscle |
Middle ear
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-auricle
-auditory canal |
outer ear
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insertion and action of tensor tympani muscle
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insertion: malleus
action: pulls tympanic membrane inward to dampen its motion |
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action and insertion of stapedius muscle
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insertion: stapes
action: reduces motion of stapes |
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innvervation and action of lateral rectus eye muscle
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innervation: VI (abducens)
action: moves eye laterally |
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innervation and action of medial rectus
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innervation: III oculomotor
action: moves eye medially |
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innervation and action of superior rectus
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innervation: III (occulomotor)
action: moves eye superiorly |
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innervation and action of inferior rectus
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innervation: III (oculomotor)
action: moves eye inferiorly |
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innervation and action of superior oblique
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innervation: IV (trochlear)
action: depress and rotate eye |
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innervation and action of inferior oblique
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innervation: III (oculomotor)
action: elevate and rotate eye |
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inner ear structures involved in static equilibrium
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vestibule (sacule and utricle)
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inner ear structure involved with angular acceleration
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semicircular ducts
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inner ear structure for hearing
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cochlea
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inner eat structure for linear acceleration
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vestibule (saccule and utricle)
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perception of the orientation of the head when body is stationary
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static equilibrium
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