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33 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
Percent of body weight for blood? |
8% |
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Amount of blood for males and females? |
Males 5-6 L Females 4-5 L |
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Temperature of blood? |
100.4 F |
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Hematorcrit % for Males and Females? |
Males- 45%-52% Females-37%-48% |
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RBC count for males and females? |
Males- 4.6-6.2 million/uL Females 4.2-5.4 million/uL |
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Platelet count? |
130,000-360,000/uL |
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WBC count? |
5,000-10,000/uL |
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Components of blood and percentages? |
55% Plasma, 1% Buffycoat: leukocytes and platelets 45% Erythrocytes |
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Type of connective tissue in blood and 2 components? |
Only fluid connective tissue Hematocrit—packed cell volume Plasma—fluid portion of blood |
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Plasma components? |
90%Water, also includes; Protein-Enzymes-Nutrients-Waste-Hormones-Gases |
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Where are plasma proteins made and what are their functions? |
most plasma proteins are made in the liver, functions include; defense,clotting & transport |
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What are three types of plasma proteins? |
Albumins, Globulins and Fibrinogen |
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What are the subcategories of Globulins and what do they do? |
Alpha (α) Prothrombin—blood clotting Lipoproteins Beta (β) Transferrin—iron transport Complement proteins Lipoproteins Gamma (γ) antibodies(secretedby B-cells) |
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What is Fibrinogen and what does it do? |
Fibrin(sticky protein for blood clotting) |
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What is nitrogenous waste and name 3 examples? |
by products of cellular metabolism including; Urea, creatinine and uric acid |
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What are the nutrient components of plasma? |
Amino acids, glucose (70-110 mg/100mL), fats & cholesterol (↓ 200 mg/100mL), phospholipids, vitamins and minerals |
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Gas components of plasma? |
O2, CO2 and dissolved Nitrogen |
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Electrolyte component of plasma? |
Na+90% (150mEq/L) (important to osmolarity to osmolarity and movement of solutesand water within the body);K+(4mEq/L),Ca+2,Mg+,Cl-,HCO |
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Hormone component of plasma? |
Serum-Plasma W/O clotting proteins |
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What are the 7 characteristics of Erythocytes? |
-Transports CO2 and O2 -Disc shaped for greater surface area -Plasma membrane has antigens (glycocalyx) -Life-span of 3-4months -Devoid of most organelles-no mitochondria (can’t use up the O2) -Carbonic anhydrase (CAH) CO2 + H2O ↔ H2 CO3 ↔ HCO3- + H+ -Hemoglobin (15g/100mL) carriers O2 (in cytoplasm) |
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What are 4 characteristics of Erythocyte hemoglobin? |
- 4 protein chains - Heme molecule with iron→ binds O2 - HbA- adult - HbF- fetal binds O2 more tightly |
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Type of Leukocyte: What is a Granulocyte? |
a white blood cell with secretory granules in its cytoplasm, e.g., an eosinophil or a basophil. |
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5 Characteristics of Neutrophils? |
- 50-70% of WBCs - 3-5 lobes, cytoplasm stains a pale lilac color with fine granules - Bacterial infections - Phagocytosis-release antimicrobial chemicals (lysosomes, defensins)-respiratory burst. - Sometimes referred to as stab cells-band cells or polymorphonuclear cells (PMN). |
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3 Characteristics of Eosinophil? |
- 2-4%, 2 large lobes-cytoplasm stains a red-orange color with large granules - Parasitic infections (worms)-allergic reactions - Phagocytosis-release enzymes to digest the pathogen-destroy antigen-antibody complex and inhibit the effects of inflammation usually associated with allergic reactions. |
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4 Characteristics of Basophil? |
- .5-1%
- Cytoplasmstains a deep bluish-purple color with abundant granules - Chicken pox-diabetes-polycythemia - Secrete histamine & heparin → increase blood flow & mobility of WBCs to the infected area. |
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What are Agranulocyte? |
Also known as mononuclear leukocytes, are white blood cells with a one-lobed nucleus. They are characterized by the absence of granules in their cytoplasm, which distinguishes them from granulocytes |
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What are 2 types of Agranulocytes? |
Lymphocytes & Monocytes |
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3 Characteristics of Lymphocytes? |
- 20-30%, - Spherical nucleus that stains a deep blue-purple - Diverse infections → destroy cancer cells-activate other immune cells-secrete antibodies |
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3 types of Lymphocyte antibodies and their characteristics? |
- B-cells → become plasma cells → secrete antibodies - T-cells → attack invading virus-cancer-transplanted tissue - Killer cells → attack a wide variety foreign substances (non-specific immune response) |
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4 characteristics of Monocytes? |
- 2-8% - Kidney shaped nucleus that stains blue - viral infections - Become macrophages → phagocytosis-activate other cells of immune system (APC) |
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What is differential WBC count? |
Count of each type of WBC → help determine cause of infection-effects of chemotherapy-monitor progress |
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What is Complete Blood Count |
Count of all the formed elements |
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Function of Platelets? |
Form clots and secrete chemicals |