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54 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
Muscles produce movement by exerting force on ____
which in turn pull on bones and other supporting structures like the skin. |
tendons
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The attachment of a muscle's tendon to the stationary, usually proximal bone, is called the?
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origin
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Origins and Insertions
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Origins and Insertions
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The origin of the Biceps is the ____ and the insertion is the ____?
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Origin:Scapula
Insertion: Radius |
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The action of the Biceps is to?
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pronate and flex the arm
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The origin of the Triceps is the ____ and the insertion is the ____?
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Origin:Scapula near shoulder joint Upper lateral and posterior sites of humerus
Posterior surface of humerus Insertion: Back of olecranon process of ulna |
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The action of the Triceps is to?
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Action: Straighten (extend) the arm
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Muscles, tendons, bones, and joints can form what three different types of levers in the body?
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First-class levers, Second class levers, and Third class levers.
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In a lever, the point of movement called the ____, is acted on by two different forces: Effort and load.
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fulcrum
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There are few first-class levers
in the body. This pic shows a example |
first-class levers
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What levers always provide a distinct mechanical advantage in producing force?
Like a pry bar |
Second class levers
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What levers are the most common and favor speed and range of motion over maximum force?
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Third-class levers
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Most skeletal muscles are arranged in opposing ____ pairs at joints.
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antagonistic
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Within opposing pairs, the prime mover or ____ is the muscle primarily responsible for causing the desired movement.
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agonist (“the leader”)
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The ____ stretches and yields to the effects of the prime mover.
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antagonist
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In flexing the forearm at
the elbow, the ____ is the prime mover or agonists, and the ____ ____ is the antagonist. |
brachialis, triceps
brachii |
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What are muscles used to prevent unwanted movements at intermediate joints, or otherwise aid the movement of the prime mover?
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Synergists
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What muscles are a type of synergist muscle that are used to steady the proximal joints of a prime mover?
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Fixator
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Some of the more common muscles of the head and neck include:
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Orbicularis oris
Extraocular muscles Sternocleidomastoid Rectus abdominus External oblique |
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The muscles of facial expression move ____ rather than bones around a joint.
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skin
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Action: Closes and
protrudes lips for kissing Origin: Surrounding the opening of the mouth Insertion: The skin at the corner of the mouth. What Muscle is this? |
Orbicularis oris
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Origin: Maxilla and zygomatic arch
Insertion: Mandible Action: Closes the mouth What muscle is this |
Masseter
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3 pair give each eye very
precise movement Origin: Back of the orbit Insertion: Different parts of the eyeball Action: Precise and rapid movement of the eyes What muscle is this? |
The Extraocular muscles
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The Extraocular muscles
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The Extraocular muscles
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Some of the more common muscles that originate on the trunk include the ones shown
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Some of the more common muscles that originate on the trunk
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Origin: Clavicle and sternum
Insertion: Proximal humerus Action: Adducts and medially rotates thearm at the shoulder joint What muscle is this? |
Pectoralis major
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Origin: Ribs 3–5
Insertion: Coracoid process of the scapula Action: Internally rotates the shoulder What muscle is this? |
Pectoralis minor
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Origin: Lateral clavicle and upper scapula
Insertion: Deltoid tuberosity on the shaft of the humerus Action: Abducts, flexes, and medially rotates the upper arm at the shoulder joint What muscle is this? |
Deltoid Muscle
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Deltoid
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Deltoid
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Origin: Occipital bone and
cervical spine Insertion: Clavicle, scapula and lower thoracic vertebrae Action: Supports the arm and moves the scapula up, down, in, and out What muscle is this? |
Trapezius
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Trapezius
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Trapezius
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What is the Origin, Insertion and Action of the Sternocleidomastoid?
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Origin: Clavicle and sternum
Insertion: Mastoid process of temporal bone Action: Flex and rotate the head |
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Origin: Thoracic and lumbar
vertebrae and the iliac bone Insertion: Mid-humerus Action: Drives arm inferiorly and posteriorly (the swimmer’s muscle) |
Latissimus dorsi
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Latissimus dorsi
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Latissimus dorsi
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Anterior abdominal wall:
Origin: Pubic bone Insertion: Ribs and sternum |
Rectus abdominis
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Anterior abdominal wall:
Origin: Ribs 5–12 Insertion: Iliac crest and linea alba Actions: Flexes vertebral column and compresses abdomen |
External oblique
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The main muscle of inspiration is the?
Origin: Inferior 6 ribs (anteriorly) and lumbar vertebrae (posteriorly) Insertion: Centraltendon |
diaphragm
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What is the Origin, insertion, and action of the Biceps brachii?
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Origin: Scapula
Insertion: Radius Action: Flexes and supinates forearm at elbow joint and flexes arm at shoulder joint |
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What is the origin, insertion and action of the Brachialis?
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Origin: Distal anterior surface of humerus
Insertion: Ulna Action: Flexor of forearm at elbow |
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What is the origin, insertion, and action of the Triceps brachii?
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Origin: Scapula and posterior surface of humerus
Insertion: Olecranon process of ulna Action: Extends forearm at elbow joint and arm at shoulder joint |
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Triceps brachii
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Triceps brachii
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What is the origin, Insertion, and Action of the Brachioradialis?
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Origin: Humerus
Insertion: Distal radius Action: Supinates the forearm at the radioulnar joint |
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What is the origin, insertion, and action of the Gluteus maximus?
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Origin: Iliac crest, sacrum, and coccyx
Insertion: Femur Action: Extends and laterally rotates thigh at hip joint |
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Gluteus maximus
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Gluteus maximus
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What is the origin, Insertion, and action of the Quadricep group (Rectus femoris, vastus lateralis, vastus intermedius, and vastus medialis)?
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Origin: Iliac spine and proximal femur
Insertion: Patella and proximal tibia Action: Flexes thigh at high joint and extends leg at knee joint |
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Muscles that move the femur, tibia, and fibula
Hamstring group |
Muscles that move the femur, tibia, and fibula
Hamstring group |
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What is the origin, and insertion of the Hamstring group: (Biceps femoris,
Semitendinosus, and Semimembranosus)? |
Origin: Ischial tuberosity
Insertion: Proximal tibia and fibula |
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What is the origin, insertion, and action of the Tibialis anterior?
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Origin: Tibia
Insertion: First cuneiform and first metatarsal Action: Dorsiflexes and inverts the foot |
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Tibialis anterior
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Tibialis anterior
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The Muscles that plantar flex the foot at the ankle joint are called?
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Gastrocnemius and soleus muscles function as one – often called the gastrocsoleus muscle
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What is the origin and insertion of the Gastrocnemius and soleus muscles?
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Origin: Femur, capsule of
knee, and head of fibula Insertion: Calcaneus by way of calcaneal (Achilles) tendon |
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Gastrocnemius and soleus muscles
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Gastrocnemius and soleus muscles
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Major Skeletal Muscles Anterior View
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Major Skeletal Muscles
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Major Skeletal Muscles
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Major Skeletal Muscles
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