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42 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
What is the Integumentary System?
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The skin and its accessory structures.
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How many layers are in the skin? What are the layers?
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3. The Epidermis, Dermis, Hypodermis.
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The hypodermis is also known as the ....
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subcutaneous (fat) layer
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The epidermis is made up of keratinized stratified squamous epithelium cells and includes four cell types
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Keratoniocytes, melanocytes, langerhans cells, and merkel cells
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What are the cells that produce the water insoluble protein kerain which hardens structures? And make up about 90% of Epidermal Cells?
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Keratinocytes
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What cells produce melanin, a brown/black pigment which absorbs UV light and is the primary skin pigment? It accounts for about 8% of Epidermal Cells?
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melanocytes
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What are the cells that are produced in the bone marrow and help provide immunity to the epidermis?
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langerhans cells
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What are the cells that are nerve endings for touch
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Merkel Cells
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What are the five layers of the epidermis? (Name them deep to superficial)
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Stratum Basale
Stratum Spinosum Stratum Granulosum Stratum Lucidum Stratum Corneum. Acronym : (B.S. G. L. C.) Beautiful Southern Girls Love Chicken. |
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What layer of the epidermis is a single layer of cupboidal shaped cells and is mitotically active?
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Stratum Basale
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What layer of the epidermis is:
-8 to 10 cell layers thick -cells start to flatten as they reach the upper part of this layer? |
Stratum Spinosum
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What layer of the epidermis is 3-5 cell layers thick. The cells continue to flatten out, and cells begin to die forming water resistant barriers (keratinized
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stratum granulosum
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What layer of the epidermis is only present on the finger tips, palms and soles of the feet?
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Stratum Lucidum
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What layer of the epidermis is 20-30 cell layers in thickness, has flattened dead keratinocytes with no nuclei, the other layers are continually shed needing to be replaced and are approximately 3/4 of the epidermal thickness?
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stratum corneum.
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What layer of the skin is mostly connective tissue containing collagen and elastin fibers, few cells?
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The dermis
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What are the two layers or regions of the dermis?
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The papillary Region and the reticular region.
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The papillary region
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Is the superficial portion of the dermis, It includes the dermal papillae, meissner corpuscles, and the epidermal ridges
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What are the dermal papillae?
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tiny projections into the epidermis which increase the surface area of the Stratum Basale.
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What are the Meissner corpusclues?
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(corpuscles of touch) they are tactile receptors located at te apex of dermal Papilae
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What are epidermal Ridges?
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Epidermal Ridges = Dermatogyphs= finger priints.
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What part of the dermis is the deepest and largest portion and contains irregular connective tissue?
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reticular region.
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What layer of the skin is composed of adipose and areolar connective tissue, stores fat, and contains vessels and nerves that supply the skin?
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Hypodermis.
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What are the three pigments associated with pigmentation of the skin?
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Melanin, Carotene, and Hemoglobin.
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What is the brown or black pigment that is produced from melanocytes. Is made from amino acids Tyrosine?
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Melanin
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What are some disorders associated with melanin?
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albinism and vitiligo
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What is the pigmentation that is a yellow/orange pigment; not associated with Jaundice but associated with Vitamin A?
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Carotene
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What is the pigmentation that is a red/pin pigment, Is the oxygen carrying molecule in RBCs and is associated with translucent skin (skin lacking in melanin?)
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Hemoglobin
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What is another word for the Accessory structures of the integumentary System?
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Epidermal derivatives
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What are 4 epidermal derivatives (accessory structures) of the skin?
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Hair, Nails, Sebaceous glands, Sudiferous(Sweat) glands.
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What is the accessory structure that covers most of the skin surface, are columns of dead keratinized cels that are bonded together, and protects the body from heat loss and UV light?
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Hair= Pili/Pilus
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What is the accessory structure of the skin that are plates of tightly packed, keratinized epidermal cells?
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Nails
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What is the epidermal derivatives that: secrete sebum, an oily substance that softens and lubricates the skin water proofing, maintains hair follicles, contains antibacterial substances?
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Sebaceous glands
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What is the epidermal derivative that is associated with hair follicles, lips, and the pubic region and is not found on palms and soles?
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sebaceous glands
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What releases secretions onto the surface of the skin and is known as and accessory structure of the skin?
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sudoriferous glands (sweat glands)
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What are two types of sudoriferous (sweat) glands?
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eccrine glands and apocrine glands.
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What are the most common sweat gland that produces watery sweat that contains ions and small organic molecules and helps regulate body temperature and eliminates waste?
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Eccrine glands.
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What are the sweat glands that are common to the axilla and groin, produce watery secretions that are more viscous than norm. sweat, contains proteins and lipids, and also secondary sexual function
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Apocrine glands
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Two types of wound healing
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superficial and deep wound healing
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Superficial Wound Healing
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is when only the epidermis is damaged.
-the cells surronding the wound enlarge and migrate to fill the gap created by the injury. -contact inhibition= migration ceases when the cells on both sides of the wound come into contract. Mitiosis in the stratum basale is stimulated, more cells are reproduced to make up for dead cells. |
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Deep Wound Healing
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effects the dermis and has two phases the inflammatory phase and the migratory phase.
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What phase of deep wound healing does clots form over the wound, and local vasolidation, leukocytes, and fibroblasts move into the damaged area to repair?
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Inflammatory Phase
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in what phase of deep wound healing do scabs form, granulation or scar tissue is laid beneath the scab and vessels regrow?
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migratory phase.
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