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67 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Anatomy |
Study of structure and form |
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Physiology |
Study of function of body functions |
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What is the scientific method |
A systematic and rigorous process: Observation Develop hypothesis Experiment and yes hypothesis Conclude (conclusion) |
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What is cytology |
Is the study of body cells and their internal structure |
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What is histology |
The study of tissues |
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What’s is gross anatomy |
Investigated the structure and relationships of body parts that can be seen with the naked eye |
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What is systemic anatomy |
Studies the anatomy of each functional body system |
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What is regional anatomy |
Examines all of the structures in particular region of the body as a complete unit |
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What is surface anatomy |
Focuses on both superficial anatomic markings and the internal body structures that relate to the skin covering them |
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What is Comparative anatomy |
Examines the simulators and differences in the anatomy of different species (ex: may examine limb structure in humans, chimps,dogs, and cats) |
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What is pathologic anatomy |
Examines all anatomic changes resulting from disease |
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What is radiographic anatomy |
Investigated the relationships among internal structures that may be visualized by specific scanning procedures, such as sonography, magnetic resonance imaging (mri) or x-ray |
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What is cardiovascular physiology |
Examines the functioning of the heart, blood vessels, and blood |
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What is neurophysiology |
Examines how nerve impulses are propagated throughout the nervous system |
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What is respiratory physiology |
Studies how respiratory gases are transferred by gas exchange between the lungs and the blood vessels |
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What is pathophysiology |
Investigated the relationship between the functioning of an organ system and disease or injury to that organ system |
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Organization |
All organisms exhibit a complex structure and order |
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Organization |
All organisms exhibit a complex structure and order |
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Metabolism |
Defined as the sum of all of the chemical reactions that occur within the body |
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What is anabolism |
(Adding to) small molecules are joined to form larger molecules |
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What is catabolism |
(Casting down/take away) large molecules are broken down into smaller molecules |
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Describe growth and development |
Organisms absorb and take in (assimilate) materials from their environment and often exhibit increased size (growth) and increased specialization as related to form and function (development) ex: as body grows and develops structures like the Brian become more complex and integrated |
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What’s is responsiveness |
The ability to detect and react to stimuli (changes in the external and internal environment) |
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What is regulation |
An organism must be able to adjust internal bodily function in response to environmental changes |
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Define homeostasis |
The process of maintaining body structures and function |
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Define reproduction |
All organisms produce new cells for growth, maintain and repair. |
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What are somatic cells |
Body cells |
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What is mitosis |
Skin cells dividing to make an exact copy of the dna |
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What is meiosis |
Egg/sperm divide it had 1/2 of the exact dna each |
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What is excretion |
Removing wastes from body |
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What is an organ |
Group of 2 or more tissues forming a specific structure |
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What is an organ system |
2 or more organs working toward a common goal Ex: cardiovascular system |
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Name the 4 tissue groups |
Epithelial tissues: lines the outer surfaces of organs ex:epidermis (outer most layer of skin) Connective tissue: between the other tissues to connect them Muscular tissue: is the most abundant Nervous tissue: main tissue component of the nervous system |
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Anterior |
Front |
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Posterior |
Back |
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Superior |
Above |
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Inferior |
Below |
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Medial |
Middle |
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Lateral |
Sides |
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Proximal |
Close to something |
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Distal |
Away from |
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Dorsal |
Back side |
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Ventral |
Stomach |
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Cranial |
Twds the head |
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Causal |
Twds the tail |
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Polar molecules |
Unequal sharing (electrically imbalanced) |
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Polar molecules |
Unequal sharing (electrically imbalanced) |
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Non polar |
Equally shared electrons |
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Hydrogen bond |
Occur between polar molecules |
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What are the properties of water |
Phases: g I s Cohesion (attraction between molecules) High specific heat High heat vaporization (breaking H bonds) Polar/solvent (ability to dissolve) Reactivity: functions in chemical reactions Dehydration synthesis (building up) Hydrolysis (breaking down) Cushioning (cerebrospinal fluid) |
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Solutions |
Substance in greatest quantity (does the dissolving) |
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Solute |
Substance in lesser amount (substance that gets dissolved) |
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Solutions |
Mixture of two or more components |
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Colloid |
Heterogeneous mixtures that appear milky |
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Suspension |
Heterogeneous mixture with particles large enough to settle over time ex: medicine/blood |
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Emulsions |
Mixture of water and non polar substance and agitated |
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Factors that influence chemical reactions |
Temperature Concentration Particle size catalyst: increase the rate of reactions (enzymes) |
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Saturated and unsaturated fatty acids |
Saturated no covalent bond: solid at room temp Unsaturated one/more double covalent bonds (liquid) |
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Chemical reactions |
Occur when forming or breaking bonds : reactions(starting product) products : ending substance |
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Synthesis reaction |
Building reaction |
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Decomposition reaction |
Breaking bonds |
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Exchange reaction |
Includes both synthesis and decomposition |
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Oxidation |
Electron exchange reaction Electron donor is oxidized Electron acceptor is reduced |
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Endergonic reactions |
Energy in : always occurs in chem rxns |
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Exergonic reaction |
Exit: releasing energy |
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Inorganic compounds |
Small and simple: typically lacks carbon. Ex: NaCi O2 H2O Exceptions CO CO2 bicarbonate |
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Organic compounds |
Large and complex: Carbohydrates Proteins Lipids Nucleic acids |
