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43 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
"3rd generation leader" and "4th generation leader"
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Jiang Zemin and current he-wen administration
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Autonomous regions
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Five regions where Chinese minorities are found: Guangxi, Inner Mongolia, Ningxia, Tibet, and Xinjiang
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Cadres
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Peasants or factory workers whose career depended on party loyalty and ideological purity who led the CCP
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Central Committee
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Carry on business of the National Party; 340 members that meet together annually for a week
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Central Military Commission
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Military as head of Communist Party; Plays a large role in policy making
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Collectivism
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Valuing the good of the community above that of the individual; suited peasant based communities
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Chinese Communist Party (CCP)
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The largest political party in the world in terms of formal membership; yet only 8% of the country's population are members
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Confucianism
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Order, harmony and a strong sense of hierarchy; fed dynastic rule
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Cultural Revolution
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Instituted a push to create a more profound reform; emphasized radical transformation; the ethnic of struggle, mass line, collectivism, egalitarianism, unstinting service to society: Completely remove past views
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Danwei
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Social units usually based on a person's place of work
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Decentralization
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Devolution of power to sub-national governments
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Democratic centralism
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Small group of people can make decisions that represent the decisions of the people
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Ethic of struggle
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Principle of Mao's cultural revolution
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Factions
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Pieces of leaders of party who hold informal influence over politics
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Fang-shou
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Tightening up, loosening up cycle
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"foreign devils"
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England, France. and Germany attempted to exploit China; caused isolationism and suspicions with capitalist countries
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Four Modernizations
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Deng Xiaoping instituted this; Aimed China to industry, agriculture, science, and military
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Free market socialism
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Gradual infusion of capitalism while still retaining state control
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"Gang of Four"
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Supported radical goals of the cultural revolution
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Guanxi
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Personal connection
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Great Leap Forward
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Mao changed directions in order to free China from Soviet domination; he emphasized: all around development, mass mobilization, political unanimity and zeal, and decentralization
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Han Chinese
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The people that historically formed the basis of China's identity; China's primary ethnic population
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Hegemony
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Control of surrounding countries
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Household responsibility system
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Individual families take full charge of the production of marketing of crops
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Hu Juntao
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Allied with the PRC Premier; faction known as reformers/open door
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Iron rice bowl
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A command economy directed by a central government based on democratic centralism
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Li Peng
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The former premier and chair of the National People's Congress; Conservative
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The Long March
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a 1934-1936 cross country trek led by Mao Zedong as Chiang Kai-Shek's nationalist army pursued his communist followers
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Mandate of Heaven
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The "God given right" to rule the country; divine blessing
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Mass mobilization
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An effort to turn sheer numbers of people into an asset
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Mass line
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A line of communication between party leaders, members, and peasants that would allow all to struggle toward realization of the goals of a communist state
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Maoism
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An ideology of Mao Zedong; idealistic and egalitarian; endorsed centralized power
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"Middle Kingdom"
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The place that is the center of civilization; fed isolationism
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Nomenklatura
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a system of choosing cadres from lower levels of the party hierarchy for advancement based on their loyalty and contributions to the well-being of the party
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"one country, two systems"
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Hong Kong is subject to Chinese rule, but continues to enjoy a high degree of autonomy; maintains a capitalist system, legal system, and ways of life
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Patron client system in China
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Informal networkof factions that involves inside communication and agreements; it causes difficulty to predict future policymaking outcomes
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People's Liberation Army
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Encompasses all of the country's ground, air, and naval armed services; 3 million active personnel and 12 million reserves; growing at double-digit rates
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Politburo/Standing Committee
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Chosen by central committee; dictate government policies; 24 members and standing has 7; meet in secret
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Rule of law and China
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Acknowledges rule of law and interprets it to mean that laws bind behavior and all are equally subject to them; emphased in 1978 to develop new legal ideas and institutions
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Socialist market economy
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Gradual infusion of capitalism while still retaining state control
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Technocrats
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People with technical training who have climbed the ladder of the party bureaucracy; led the party increasingly
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Township and village enterprises (TVEs)
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Rural factories and businesses that vary greatly in size, run by local government and private entrepreneurs, where the Chinese economy is rooted
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Youth League
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73 million youth belong to the league; encourages communist morals and ideals early in childhood
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