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42 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
- 3rd side (hint)
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Socrates |
Dualism: Mind is separable from body and continues after the body dies. Knowledge is innate - born within us. |
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Plato |
Dualism: Mind is separable from body and continues after the body dies. Knowledge is innate - born within us. |
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Aristotle |
Monism: Mind cannot be separated from the body because mind and body are different aspects of the same thing. Derived principles from careful observations. Knowledge in not pre-existing. |
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Rene Descartes |
Mind is "entirely distinct from body" and able to survive death. Dissected animals Brain cavity fluid contained "animal spirits" Nerve paths enable reflexes. |
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Francis Bacon
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One of the founders in modern day science. The human mind "supposes a greater degree of order and equality" than is truly there. We notice and remember things that confirm our beliefs. We must use experiments. |
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John Locke
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The mind at birth is a blank slate. We learn from experience. We must learn from experience. |
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William Wundt |
Considered the "father of psychology" Established the first psychological laboratory in 1879 in Germany. Pioneered the method of "introspection" |
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G. Stanley Hall
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Child Development Theory
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Edward Titchener
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Structural psychology Introspection Wrote a psychology textbook |
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Charles Darwin
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Wasn't technically a psychologist |
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William James
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Emotions are a physiological reaction Value of idea dependent on usefulness |
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Mary Whiton Calkins
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Self psychology Memorization Dream Research |
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Margaret Floy Washburn
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Theory of consciousness First woman to earn a PhD Theorized all mental functions produced physical reactions |
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John B. Watson
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Father of behaviorism Behaviorism: Psychology of human behavior Little Einstein Experiment: Conditioned babies to be afraid of rats Wasn't allowed to prove his theory |
Behaviorism |
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B.F. Skinner
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Radical Behaviorism
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Operant Conditioning
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Sigmund Freud |
Founder of psychoanalysis Conception of unconscious Regression |
Psychoanalysis Id, Ego, Super Ego Talking Cure Regression |
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Carl Rogers |
Humanistic psychology Optimist view that people are innately good "Self-concept" is the cornerstone for personality People are motivated to achieve their full potential Self-actualization |
Humanistic psychology |
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Abraham Maslow
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Pyramid of desires Self actualization |
Desires Self actualization |
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Dorothea Dix
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Jail and mental assylum reforms
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Jail reform Assyulm reform |
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Ivan Pavlov
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Russian Behaviorist Conditioning |
Conditioning
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Jean Piaget
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Theory of cognitive development Series of tests on cognitive development 4 stages of mental development Development of children |
Cognitive development Genetic epistemology Schemas |
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Behavioral Psychology
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You can observe the way people react to certain situations. Our emotional responses to our childhood can affect our behavior. Behavioral Psychology is how we learn observable responses. This type of psychology only cares about behaviors that impair our living, attempts, rewards, and punishment and how we can change them. |
John B. Watson B.F. Skinner Sigmund Freud |
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Biological Psychology
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How the body and brain enable emotions, memories, and sensory experiences; how genes combine with the environment to influence individual differences. The scientific study of the links between biological and psychological process. |
Links between brain and mind
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Cognitive Psychology
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Scientifically explores how we perceive, process, and remember information. How we encode, process store, and retrieve information. How do we see the world? How did we learn to act sad or happy? |
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Evolutionary Psychology
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How the natural selection of traits has promoted the survival of genes; focuses on Darwinism. We behave the way we do becasue we inherited those behaviors. |
Charles Darwin
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Humanistic Psychology
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Ways the environment can effect our growth, the importance of having love and acceptance. How we meet our needs for love and acceptance and achieve fulfillment. Positive growth Self actualization Maximum potential |
Carl Rogers Abraham Maslow |
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Psychoanalytical/Psychodynamic Psychology
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How behavior springs from unconscious drives and conflicts, usually stemming from our childhood.
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Sigmund Freud
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Socio-cultural Psychology
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How behavior and thinking vary across situations and cultures.
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Perspective
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An approach is a perspective that involves certain assumptions about human behavior: the way we function, which aspects of them are worthy of study and what research methods are appropriate for undertaking this study.
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Biopsychosocial Approach
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Incorporates multiple approaches or levels of analysis and offers a more clear picture of any given behavior or mental process.
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Psychometrics
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Studies the measurement of our abilities, attitudes, and traits.
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Developmental Psychology
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Our changing abilities from birth to death
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Educational Psychology
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Influences on teaching and learning
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Personality Psychology
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Investigating our persistent traits
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Social Psychology |
How we view and affect one another |
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Industrial-Organizational Psychology
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Use of psychology's concepts and methods in the workplace
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Human Factors Psychology
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Interaction of humans, machines, and physical environments
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Counseling Psychology
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Help people to cope with challenges or crises and to improve their personal and social functioning
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Clinical Psychology
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Asses and treat mental, emotional, and behavioral disorders
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Psychiatry
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May provide psychotherapy, licensed to prescribe drugs and otherwise treat physical causes of psychological disorders
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Positive Psychology
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Scientifically explores "Positive emotions, positive character traits, and enabling institutions".
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Community Psychology
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Work to create social and physical environments that are healthy for all
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