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41 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Functions of blood |
Transport dissolved gases nutrients. Rooms, metabolic waste. Restrict fluid loss at injury site Defend against toxins and pathogens. |
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Properties of whole blood |
Temperature equals 38°C 100.4° Five times as viscous as water Turn on my pH is 7.35–7.45 |
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Whole blood |
Fluid portion of the blood
55% of volume and 45% of formed elements |
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Hermatocrit |
Way of measuring percentage. |
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Plasma |
92 Percent of plasma is made of water |
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Formed elements |
Aka platelets Cell fragments involved with blood clotting. |
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Red Blood cells ( erythrocytes) |
Main function: carry oxygen Most abundant of firmed elements- 99% •few organelles •can not divide/repair •life span 120 days or less Filled with hemoglobins- protein that binds with oxygen. Shape: Biconcave- allowed for stacking and carrying more oxygen. A |
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White blood cells ( Leukocytes) Never let monkeys eat bananas and |
5 types 1-Neutrophils 2-lymphocytes 3-monocytes 4-Eosinophils 5- Basophils |
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Granulocytes vs Agranulocytes |
Based on the presence of granules that are visible when the cells are stained |
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Neutrophils |
Most numerous of WBCs 50–70% First responders of the immune system |
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Eosinophils |
Increased during allergic reaction |
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Basophils |
Releases histamine
Histamine promotes inflammation |
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Monocytes |
Monster cells that engulf pathogens. |
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Lymphocytes( immunity specific) |
T cells B cells Natural killers( NK) Body natural system. |
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Lymphatic System |
Consists of Oregon’s with three primary functions. 1- Transports excess interstitial fluid back to the heart 2- Activating the immune system 3- Absorbing dietary fats |
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Capillaries |
Cite of exchange of blood and interstitial fluid. |
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Lymphatic Capillaries |
Serves to drain and process extracellular fluid. |
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Lymphatic Vessels |
Carry lymph back to the left and right subclavian vein. Has 2 major ducts 1- right lymphatic ducts 2: thoracic duct |
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Thymus |
Function: Secretes hormones that stimulate T cell maturation Size: Arches in infants and young children and begins to shrink after puberty |
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Lymph nodes |
Function: Filters lymph as it moves from interstitial fluid back to blood in veins Removes pathogens |
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Spleen |
Function a filter for blood Has 2 portions Red pulp and white pulp |
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Mucus associated lymphatic tissue( malt) |
Clusters of lymphoid nodules scattered throughout these membranes places such as such as gastrointestinal tract, Appendix and tonsils |
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Lacteal |
Where fats inter because they are too large to inter through lymphatic capillary. |
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Whatare Lacteals? |
Move dietary fats to thoracic duct to get into the blood so they can be used by the body |
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·Describethe flow of air through the respiratory tract beginning with the external nares(nostrils) and know general information about each part |
Air passes through the nose to thesuperior/middle/inferior nasal conchae, to the pharynx, then to bronchial tree(primary bronchi—secondary bronchi—tertiary bronchi) |
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PulmonaryVentilation |
Physical movement of air in/out of lungs |
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GasTransport |
Movement of gases through the body |
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TissueGas Exchange |
Exchange of gas between blood and tissue |
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What is thedifference between internal and external respiration |
Internal respiration is the transfer of gas between the blood and cells, External respiration also known as breathing refers to a process of inhaling oxygen from the air into the lungs and expelling carbon dioxide from the lungs to the air |
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·Whatare the 2 primary muscles for inspiration? |
Diaphragm, External Intercostal |
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·Whenare accessory muscles used? |
Forced inspiration |
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· Whatare the primary muscles for expiration? |
**There are none** |
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·Howdo Carbon dioxide and Oxygen move between blood capillaries and alveoli orbetween blood capillaries and tissues? What drives that movement? |
From where there is more oxygen to less. From where there is more carbon dioxide to less. |
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Tidalvolume: |
mount of air exchanged with each breath during normal breathing |
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o ERV(Expiratory Reserve Volume) |
volume of air exhaled after a normal tidal exhale |
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o IRV(Inspiratory Reserve Volume) |
volume of air inhaled after a normal tidal inspiration |
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ResidualVolume: |
amount of air remaining in lungs after maximal expiration |
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o Inspiratorycapacity |
TV+IRV |
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o Functionalresidual capacity |
ERV+RV |
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o Vitalcapacity |
RV+TV+ERV |
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o Totallung capacity V |
C+RV or IRV+TV+ERV+RV |
