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87 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Largest 3 Countries post-Civil War
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1. Russia
2. France 3. U.S. |
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General Grant's hometown
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Gallena, IL
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Republican candidate and platform (Election of 1868)
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Grant
military Reconstruction |
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Democrat candidate (Election of 1868)
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former NY governor Horatio Seymour
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2 Millionaire partners
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Jubilee Jim Fisk and Jay Gould
cornered the gold market/bid the price up Treasury had to release gold |
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Black Friday
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9-24-1869
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Tweed Ring, NYC
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Boss Tweed
Tammany Hall got $200 million in scandals NY Times sold him out in 1871 |
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Thomas Nast
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NY Times cartoonist
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Samuel J. Tilden
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NY attorney headed prosecution btw.Tweed and Nast
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Credit Mobilier Scandal
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1872: Union Pacific RR formed Credit Mobilier construction co. and hired themselves
inflation earned 348% dividends |
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Whiskey Ring
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1874-1875: robbed Treasury of excise-tax revenues
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William Belknap
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Secretary of War under Grant
involved in Whiskey Ring forced to resign 1876 for accepting bribes |
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General Amnesty Act
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Passed by Republicans 1872
removed political disabilities from all but 500 former Confederates |
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Resumption Act of 1875
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REPUBLICAN=HARD MONEY
printed more paper $ gov't withdraw greenbacks redemption of all paper currency in gold @ face value in 1879 |
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Gilded Age
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3 decade period post-Civil War
name given by Mark Twain |
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Republicans
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traced their lineage to Puritanism
strong votes in the North and the West, and GAR |
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Democrats
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Lutherans and Roman Catholics.
strong support in the South. |
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GAR
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Grand Army of the Republic, an organization made up of
former Union veterans |
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Republican Rivals
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Roscoe Conkling (Stalwarts) and James G. Blaine (Half-Breeds)
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Election of 1876
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Rutherford B. Hayes (Republican)
vs. Samuel Tilden (Democrat) |
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Electoral Count Act of 1877
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Electoral commission (15 men selected from the Senate, the House,Supreme Court) to count the votes
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David Davis
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Supposed to be 15th man (independent) in Electoral Commission of 1877 but resigned
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Compromise of 1877
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Hayes President
remove troops from LA and SC bill to subsidize TX and Pacific rail line end of military reconstruction southern blacks vulnerable to attacks |
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Reedemers
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white Democrats
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Plessy v. Ferguson (1896)
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separate but = facilities
validated Jim Crow laws literacy requirement and poll tax for suffrage |
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Denis Kearney
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Irish, instigated hostility with Chinese
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Chinese Exclusion Act of 1882
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limited Chinese immigration
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Stalwarts
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Repub Faction: led by Roscoe Conkling
support swapping civil-service jobs for votes |
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Half-Breeds
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Repub Faction: led by James G. Blaine
who grasps the ladle that dishes out spoils? |
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Election of 1880
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Republican James A. Garfield and Stalwart Chester Arthur (they won)
vs. Democrat Winfield Hancock |
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US v. Wong Kim Ark (1898)
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14th amendment = birthright citizenship protected immigrants
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Chinese
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came from southern China
California RR and gold mines domestic servants |
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Charles J. Guiteau
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Shot Pres. Garfield (1881)
loco en la cabeza |
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Pendleton Act (1883)
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magna carta of civil reform
compulsory campaign contributions from federal employees illegal Civil Service Commission ensure merit-based jobs |
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James G. Blaine
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led Half-Breeds
appointed Secretary of the State by Garfield |
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Election of 1884
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Republican James G. Blaine
vs. Democrat Grover Cleveland |
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Mugwump
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Republicans who switched to Democratic party after Blaine's nomination
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Mulligan letters
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Letters by Blaine to businessmen corruption
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RRR
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Rum, Romanism, Rebellion
Republicans dissed Democrats helped Cleveland win NY in election |
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Grover Cleveland as President
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First Democrat since Buchanan
laissez-faire capitalism |
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Election of 1888
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Repub: Benjamin Harrison (won)
Dem: Grover Cleveland tariff major issue |
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Thomas B. Reed
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Speaker of House under Harrison
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McKinley Tariff Act of 1890
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to protect Repub industrialists from competition
raised tariff to highest peace time level ever |
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Farmers' Alliance
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militant org. of southern and western farmers
upset about McKinley Tariff Act unfavorable to agriculture |
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Populist Party
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stemmed from Farmers' Alliance
1892 for a graduated income tax, government regulation of railroads and telegraphs/telephones, direct elections of U.S. senators, a one term limit, initiative and referendum, a shorter workday, and immigration restriction. |
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Sherman Silver Purchase Act
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Treasury had to issue gold for the notes that it had paid in the Act; notes had to be reissued, thus causing a steady drain on gold in the Treasury
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Adlai E. Stevenson
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Cleveland's VP in second term/Great Depression era
Soft $ man |
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William Jennings Bryan
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Democratic congressman
free silver campaign? |
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Forgettable Presidents
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Grant, Hayes, Garfield, Arthur, Harrison, Cleveland
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Thomas B. "Czar" Reed
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Speaker of the House
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Wilson-Gorman Tariff of 1894
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Democrats wanted to lower tariffs with this bill but the bill was flawed and added 2% tax on incomes over $4K
Repealed by Supreme Court in 1895 |
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Where the Union Pacific RR started from
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Omaha, NB
longer of the 2 RR built by Irish Paddies/Patricks |
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"Big Four" financial backers of RR
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-Leland Stanford of CA
-Collis P. Huntington |
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Central Pacific RR
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went East from Sacramento
Chinese laborers |
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Promontory Point
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Ogden, UT in 1869
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Northern Pacific RR
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Lake Superior --> Puget Sound
ended in 1883 |
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Southern Pacific RR
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New Orleans --> San Francisco
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James J. Hill
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Duluth --> Seattle
Great Northern RR |
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Commodore Cornelius Vanderbilt
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Behind the western RRs
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RR Safety devices
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telegraph (talking wires), double-tracking, block signalev 5
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Jay Gould
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stock broker
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Stock Watering
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RR stock promoters inflated claims about RR
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Wabash Supreme Court Case
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1886: Individual states had no power to regulate interstate commerce
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Grange (Patrons of Husbandry)
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agrarian group formed after 1870s depression
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Interstate Commerce Act of 1887
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prohibited rebates and pools
RR must publish rates openly Forbade discrimination formed ICC |
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ICC
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Interstate Commerce Commission to enforce Interstate Commerce Act of 1887
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Mesabi Range
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iron ore
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Inventions of Edison
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phonograph, mimeograph, dictaphone, moving picture, lightbulb
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Tycoons
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Andrew Carnegie: steel
Rockerfeller: oil JP Morgan: banker |
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Integrations
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Vertical integration: combining manufacturing steps
Horizontal integration: combining with competitiors to monopolize a market |
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William Kelly
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KT manufacturer of iron kettles
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Napoleon of Smokestacks
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Carnegie
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Survival of the fittest philosophers
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Herbert Spencer and William Graham Sumner
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Reverend Russell Cornwell
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Acres of Diamonds lecture
$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$ |
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Sherman Anti-Trust Act of 1890
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Forbade combinations (cartels, polls, etc.)
used to stop monopolies |
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James Buchanan Duke
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American Tobacco Co.
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Henry W. Grady
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editor of Atlanta Constitution
promoted "New South" |
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scabs
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strike breakers
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National Labor Union
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1866: lasted 6 yrs.
excluded Chinese barely incl. blacks and women |
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Knights of Labor
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Nt'l Labor Union successor
everyone incl. except nonproducers (liquor dealers, gamblers, lawyers, bankers, stockbrokers) won strikes for 8 hr. work day |
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Terrence V. Powderly
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Irish American who led Knights
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John P. Altgeld
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pardoned Knights in Haymark case (dynamite bomb)
Democrat from IL |
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American Federation of Labor
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only skilled workers (1886)
founded by Samuel Gompers wanted all-union labor/closed shop policy walkouts and boycotts |
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Samuel Gompers
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founded Amer. Fed. of Labor
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Mother Mary Harris Jones
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female Knight
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First all-black Knights
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coal miners in Iowa
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Contract Labor Law of 1885
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by Knights
restrain competition for low-wage immigrant workers |
