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137 Cards in this Set
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Abstract expressionism |
(1940-50s) American art movement stressing spontaneous, nonrepresentational creation with emphasis on the paint itself; first truly American school of art (Pollack) |
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Art deco |
(1920-30s) movement stressing highly decorative art, utilizing geometric streamlined forms inspired by industrial design (Chrysler Building) |
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Art nouveau |
(1895-1905) “new art” movement characterized by motifs of highly stylized flowing plants, curvy lines, fluent forms |
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Ashcan school |
American realist painters who abandoned idealized subjects for more sordid aspects of urban life |
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Audobon, John James |
American artist and illustrator known for his color engravings of birds (Birds of America) |
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Barbizon school |
Group of landscape artists who rejected classic/romantic to portray nature as they perceived it; forerunner of Impressionism |
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baroque |
Movement developed in Italy, that stressed grand theatrical effects and elaborate ornamentation (Palace of Versailles) |
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Bauhaus |
Most famous school of architecture and design; founded in Germany; austere, geometric style |
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Beaux arts |
Architectural style, popular from 1890-1920, used formal and classical techniques |
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Bosch, Hieronymus |
16th century painter considered perhaps the greatest master of fantasy ever (Garden of Earthly Delights) |
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Botticelli, Sandro |
15th century Italian Renaissance artist (Birth of Venus, St. Sebastian) |
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Brancusi, Constantin |
19th-20th century Romanian sculptor known for highly simplified archetypical human and animal forms (The Kiss, Bird In Space) |
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Brueghel, Pieter (the Elder) |
16th century Flemish painter known for peasant scenes and large landscapes |
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Byzantine art |
Eastern (Greek) art of the 5th-15th centuries, characterized by Oriental motifs, formal design, and free use of gilding. |
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Caldecott, Randolph |
19th century English illustrator known for his illustrations of children’s books. An award is named after him. |
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Calder, Alexander |
20th century American sculptor and abstract painter best known for mobiles and stabiles |
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Cellini, Benvenuto |
16th century Florentine sculptor, goldsmith, and designer of coins and medals |
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Cézanne, Paul |
19th century French painter, forerunner of many 20th century movements; impressionist, classical, and naturalistic influences |
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Chagall, Marc |
20th century French painter of Russian-Jewish origin, forerunner of surrealism |
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chiaroscuro |
The balance of light and shadow in a picture; used to describe works that are predominantly dark, like those of Rembrandt. |
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classicism |
Art attributed to Ancient Greece and Rome, characterized by discipline, harmony, objectivity, and reason. |
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cloisonné |
Process of enameling in which a design is displayed in strips of metal on a china or metal background making channels to hold the colors. |
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Cole, Thomas |
19th century American landscape painter |
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collage |
A picture built up wholly or partly from pieces of paper, cloth, or other material stuck on canvas or other surface |
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Constable, John |
19th century English landscape painter |
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constructivism |
Movement (since 1920s) involving the creation of 3-D art to express technological society. |
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Copley, John Singleton |
18th century American portrait painter |
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cubism |
Art movement, mainly French, characterized by fragmentation of reality; a reaction to Impressionism; used geometric forms |
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Currier, Nathaniel T. & Ives, James Merrit |
19th century American lithographers known for prints depicting American life. |
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dada |
International anti-art movement reflecting cynicism by producing bizarre works that represented the absurd. |
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Dali, Salvador |
20th century Spanish painter, considered one of the foremost surrealist. |
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Daumier, Honoré |
19th century French lithographer, cartoonist, and social satirist. |
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Degas, Edgar |
Late 19th-20th French century painter |
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de Kooning, Willem |
20th century Dutch abstract painter known for distorted shapes and tragic expressions. |
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Delacroix, Eugéne |
19th century French painter of the Romantic period |
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Donatello |
15th century Florentine sculptor; founders of Italian Renaissance sculpture |
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futurism |
Italian art movement that stressed motion and sought to glorify the machine by painting and sculpting multitudes of moving parts |
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Gainsborough, Thomas |
English painter of landscapes and portraits |
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Dürer, Albrecht |
German artist known for his woodcuts and engravings. |
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engraving |
A method of multiplying prints |
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Ernst, Max |
German-born French artist; a leading surrealist and one of the founders of dada |
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expressionism |
20th century art in which THE ARTIST takes precedence over rational and faithful rendering over the subject matter; stress on emotions and inner vision (van Gogh) |
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fauvism |
Work of early 20th century impressionists; characterized by strident color and distortion |
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Fayum portrait |
Realistic form of portraiture found on shrouds and mummy cases from the 1-4th centuries |
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fresco |
Wall painting on wet plaster |
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frieze |
Middle section of a building; where relief sculpture was often executed. |
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Fuller, Buckminster |
20th century American avant-garde architect famous for geodesic domes |
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gargoyle |
Gothic architecture, bizarre creature whose mouth was open as a gutter to carry water away from walls. |
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Gauguin, Paul |
19th century French painter known for his depiction of simple life in Tahiti. |
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glazing |
Process of applying a transparent layer of oil paint over a solid one to gently modify the first layer. |
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impasto |
Thick application of pigment to canvas |
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Gothic |
Style of architecture typical of Northern Europe |
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Goya, Francisco José de |
Spanish painter and printmaker |
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Greco, El |
Greek painter who lived and worked in Spain |
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Hogarth, William |
18th century English artist |
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Holbein, Hans (the Younger) |
16th century German Renaissance painter |
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holograph |
Image in 3-D created by a laser passing through a photographic film or plate without a camera. |
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Homer, Winslow |
Late 19th century American painter and illustrator; Civil War illustrations. |
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Hopper, Edward |
20th century American artist known for his bleak, surreal scenes depicting city life and ennui of workers. |
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Hudson River school |
Mid-19th century American school of landscape painting known for its romantic scenes glorifying nature |
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impressionism |
Late 19th century French school that stressed visual impression; first modern art movement |
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intaglio |
Engraving of stone to achieve a concave effect |
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Johns, Jasper |
20th century American pop artist for blown-up images |
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Kandinsky, Wassily |
Late 19th-20th century Russian-born German artist, one of the founders of the abstract movement. Known for kinetic lines |
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kinetic art |
Art that moves through magnets, motorized parts, etc. |
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Klee, Paul |
Late 19-20th century Swiss painter and etcher known for his whimsical work to portray reality through its inner nature |
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Leonardo da Vinci |
Late 15-16th century Italian artist and scientist; most versatile genius of Renaissance |
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lithography |
method of printing that used wax and ink on hard plates |
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luminism |
American art movement associated with Impressionism, concerned with the effect of light |
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Maillol, Aristide |
Late 19th-20th century French painter and sculptor |
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Manet, Edouard |
18th century French painter who contributed to Impressionism, even though he was not a member. |
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mannerism |
School of art and architecture characterized by the exotic and confusing and the distortion of the human form |
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Matisse, Henri |
French artist known for his still-life subjects; member of the fauve group |
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Michelangelo, Bounarotti |
Italian sculptor, painter, architect, and poet who embodied the Renaissance |
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Mies van der Rohe, Ludwig |
German American architect known for clean-line skyscrapers of glass/metal and steel framed furniture |
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minimal art |
Contemporary art movement that rejects emotional expression and stresses restraint, understatement, and precision |
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Miró, Joan |
Spanish surrealist painter known for depicting fantasies. |
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mobile |
Kinetic sculpture consisting of shapes cut from different materials and hung at different levels |
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modern art |
Art that has extricated itself from the subject matter and stresses form |
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Modigliani, Amedeo |
Italian sculptor and painter known for sad, elongated faces. |
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Mondrian, Piet |
Dutch abstract painter known for his geometric shapes |
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Monet, Claude |
French painter, leader of Impressionism; known for seeing nature with an “objective eye” (Water Lily paintings) |
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montage |
Sticking one layer over another, cubists |
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Moore, Henry |
British sculptor known for large-scale abstract works and “truth to materials” doctrine |
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Moses, Anna Mary (Grandma) |
American painter known for her simple depictions of New England life and landscapes |
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Murillo, Bartolomé Estebon |
17th century Spanish painter |
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Nast, Thomas |
American illustrator and cartoonist known for depictions of Tweed ring and Tammany Hall |
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naturalism |
Late 19th century art movement that tried to depict humans and society true to life/precise detail |
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neoclassicism |
Rejection of rococo and a return to classical style (restraint and balance) |
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O’Keefe, Georgia |
20th century American painter known for large New Mexican landscapes |
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pop art |
American art movement derived from pop culture, art culled from everyday life |
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pastiche |
Piece of art created in the style of a particular artist or movement but not faked |
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Picasso, Pablo |
Spanish; one of foremost artists of 20th century. Went from Blue Period paintings to Rose period to cubism to surrealism. |
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pointillism |
Art form in which tiny dots of paint, when viewed from a distance, take on the shape of objects |
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Pollack, Jackson |
American painter of the abstract expressionist school known for his large canvases to create subconscious reality. |
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Raphael |
Italian painter considered one of the creators of the Renaissance |
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realism |
Art form that attempts to search for the squalid and depressing with strict attention to detail. |
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Relief sculpture |
Sculpture that is not free standing; it has a background resembling a painting |
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Rembrandt, Harmensz |
17th century Dutch painter best known for his portraits but also did landscapes, Biblical subjects, and etchings. |
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Remington, Frederic |
19th century American painter, illustrator, and sculptor known for romantic scenes of the American Old West |
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Renoir, Pierre-Auguste |
French painter; founder of Impressionism. |
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Reynolds, Sir Joshua |
18th century British portrait painter |
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rococo |
European art that glorified asymmetrical ornamentation to display love of gaiety and elegance |
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Rockwell, Norman |
20th century painter know for paintings of idyllic American life |
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Rodin, Auguste |
Most famous sculptor of late 19th century |
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romanticism |
Stressed the importance of fantasy and imagination over reason and order |
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Rothko, Mark |
20th century Russian born American abstract expressionist painter known for canvases of irregular shapes and bands of color |
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Rouault, Georges |
Late 19th-20th century French expressionist painter |
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Rousseau, Henri |
19th century French painter, one of the foremost primitive artists of the modern age |
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Rubens, Peter Paul |
Flemish baroque painter, the most famous artist of Northern Europe in his day (Late 16-17th century) |
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Sargent, John Singer |
Late 19th-20th American portrait painter |
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serial art |
The repetition, possibly with slight variation, of a particular image in a work of art |
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serigraphy |
Silk screen painting |
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Seurat, Georges |
19th century artist who introduced pointillism |
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sfumato |
Technique in which tone is blended into another without an abrupt outline |
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still life |
Depiction of inanimate objects |
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surrealism |
Art form that seeks to reveal psychological reality behind appearances; stresses dreams, fantasies, and subconscious. |
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symbolism |
Art that sought to depict the world through the visionary eye of dreams and illusions. |
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Titian |
16th century Italian artist, one of the greatest masters of the Renaissance |
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Toulouse-Lautrec, Henri de |
French artist influenced by the impressionists |
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triptych |
3 panels, joined by hinges so two wings can over the larger central panel |
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Turner, Joseph Mallord William |
British landscape artist |
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Utrillo, Maurice |
Late 19th-20th century French painter |
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van Dyck, Sir Anthony |
Flemish painter |
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van Eyck, Jan |
Flemish painter known for his perfection of the oil medium. |
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Van Gogh, Vincent |
Dutch postimpressionist painter |
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Velasquez, Diego |
17th century Spanish painter |
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Vermeer, Jan |
17th century Dutch painter known for his domestic scenes |
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vignette |
Decoration, of often leaves, adorning first letter of chapter of a book |
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Vuillard, Edouard |
Late 19th-20th century French post-impressionist painter |
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Warhol, Andy |
20th century American pop artist |
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Whistler, James Abbott McNeill |
19th century American painter and etcher |
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Wood, Grant |
American regionalist painter famous for midwestern American themes |
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Wren, Sir Christopher |
English architect known for reconstruction of St. Paul’s cathedral |
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Wright, Frank Lloyd |
American architect known for “organic architecture” |
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Wyeth, Andrew |
American painter known for depictions of Chadds Ford, PA and Maine fishing village |
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abstract art |
art form that assumes that artistic values reside in form and color independent of subject |