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21 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Name the four layers of the atmosphere, in order. In which layer do we live? |
Troposphere, Stratosphere, Mesosphere, Thermosphere -We live in Troposphere |
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From what gas is the atmosphere mostly comprised? |
Nitrogen |
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What are the main components of dust? |
Soil, sand, rock Toxic substances Space particles Biota, living/dead |
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Distinguish between primary air pollutants and secondary air pollutants. Give examples. |
Primary: pollutants added tothe air by nature or humans Ex. burning fossil fuels, transportation Secondary: formed from theinteraction of the primary pollutants Ex. Nitrogen dioxide NO3, Ozone O3 |
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In what ways does Nature contribute to air pollution? |
Natural pollutants: volcanic dust, sea salt particles, photochemically formed ozone, and products of forest fibers |
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Describe four of the major classes of air pollutants. |
1. Particulates 2. Nitrogen oxides(NOx): inhibit plant growth, fade textiles, corrode metal 3. Sulfur oxides: damage plants & lungs, deposit acid 4. Carbon oxides: C0, C02 |
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Describe some of the ways in which breathing polluted air can affect human health. |
Damages lungs: Shortness of breath, Pain when inhaling, Coughing, Increased susceptibility to bacterial pneumonia |
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Give an example of how noise pollution can affect organisms. |
gleaning bats such as the Bechstein’s bat are less likely to hunt in noisy areas |
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Give an example of how of light pollution can affect organisms. |
Streetlights caused female moths to produce less pheromones- Result is negativepopulation growth inmoths, plants, & birds |
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Ozone is a pollutant, harmful to human health. It is also essential to life as we know it. Explain the apparent contradiction. |
1. Allows visible light and some infrared topenetrate a) Weather and climateb) Photosynthesis 2. Blocks UV radiation -"good up high, bad nearby"; Ground ozone is man-made, considered a pollutant |
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Draw an oxygen molecule and an ozone molecule. |
O2 & O3 |
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What substance is mostly responsible for thinning the ozone layer? |
Chlorofluorocarbons (CFCs) |
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Distinguish between industrial smog and photochemical smog. |
Industrial Smog: Air pollution in urbanareas made from sulfuroxides and particulates • Worst in winter– Heating Photochemical smog: •Brownish/orange haze • Formed by NOx, CO2,hydrocarbons, andsunlight; worst in summer |
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What’s the difference between first-hand, second-hand, and third-hand smoke? Describe some of the health effects linked to each. |
-Smokers increase therisk of their childrenhaving cancer by3/4x -2nd hand: -46,000 non-smokers dieof heart disease/yr -3rd hand: Smoke that remains afterthe cigareoe isextinguished; effect: SIDS |
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Define Sick Building Syndrome. List three possible contributors to this condition. |
-a condition affecting occupants of a building, typically marked by headaches and respiratory problems, attributed to unhealthy or stressful factors -Possible contributors: commercial cleaners, air fresheners, fragranced laundry detergent |
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Atmospheric convection |
1. Sun's energy heats ground surface 2. Warmed ground heats air above it 3. Warm air rises 4. Rising air cools 5. Cool air sinks |
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Atmospheric circulation |
large-scale movement of air, and the means (together with the smaller ocean circulation) by which thermal energy is distributed on the surface of the Earth. |
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Coriolis effect |
The key to the Coriolis effect lies in the Earth’s rotation. The Earth rotates faster at the Equator than it does at the poles. |
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Ecosystem services |
any positive benefit that wildlife or ecosystems provides to people |
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Pollution |
substance @ wrong place, wrong time |
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Radon gas |
Most seriousindoorpollutant isradon gas.Causes 12%of lungcancers.Smoking issynergis)c. |
