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32 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
The filtering point for fluid, nutrients and waste products contained in blood entering the kidney is called the
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Glomerulus
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Dilution or concentration of filtrate occurs in this section of the nephron
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Loop of Henle
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The functional units of the kidney is the
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Nephron
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This area of the nephron serves as a holding area for the filtrate before it moves through the proximal tubule
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Bowman's capsule
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The Juxtamedullary nephrons
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Are primarily responsible for concentration and dilution of urine
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Osmosis is the movement of water from an area of high solute concentration to an area of lower solute concentration
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False
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The movement of potassium from the blood into the Renal tubules for excretion usually involves active transport
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True
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What factor does not affect the level of urea production. Protein intake, volume status, blood pressure, infection
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Infection
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Which hormones play a role in maintaining fluid balance in the body
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Antidiuretic hormone, aldosterone, atrial natriuretic peptide
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Of the 180 L of infiltrate that are formed daily, what percent is excreted as urine
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1
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Tubular secretion of excess substances from the blood into the tubules is
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The last step in the formation of urine
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Tubular secretion plays a lesser roll in tubular reabsorption in changing filtrate into urine
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True
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Tubular reabsorption in the kidney occurs only by active transport
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False
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When pressure in the afferent arteriole decreases the -- is activated resulting in constriction of the Efferent arteriolar thereby increasing the GFR
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Activation of the RAAS
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– Is the mechanism by which Renal bloodflow and GFR remains constant despite changes in MAP
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Intrarenal autoregulation
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Renal bloodflow is regulated through three mechanisms. These are
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Intrarenal autoregulation, the sympathetic nervous system and the RAAS
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Which EKG change may be a result of hypocalcemia
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Prolongation of QTinterval
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Calcium and phosphorus have an inverse relationship
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True
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Neuromuscular signs of hyper Kaylee me up include
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Numbness and tingling of the face, hands and tongue
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Management of normal potassium values are significant in preventing organ system dysfunction such as
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Cardiovascular abnormalities
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Patients with water intoxication will exhibit
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Confusion, anorexia, decreased serum osmolality
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Patients with saline excess will present with
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Dyspnea, bounding pulses, diaphoresis
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Patients with saline deficit will present with
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Tachycardia, decreased urine output, renal failure
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What are three signs and symptoms of hypomagnesemia
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Respiratory depression, dysrhythmias, and confusion
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Which of the following EKG changes may be a result of hypokalemia
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Ventricular ectopy
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The etiology or clinical presentation of hyperphosphatemia include
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Chronic kidney failure, muscle tetany, soft tissue calcification
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Chvostecks sign and Troussous sign indicate
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Hypocalcemia
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Alkalosis, hypoparathyroidism, pancreatitis, and hypomagnesium may all be associated with
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Hypocalcemia
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The patient with chronic kidney failure is at risk to develop osteoporosis due to which electrolyte imbalance
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Hyperphosphatemia
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When teaching the patient about the consequences of chronic kidney failure, the nurse explains that the altered bone metabolism occurs as a result of
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Elevated serum phosphorus level
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The nurse instructs the patient with chronic kidney failure to eat
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Low protein, low potassium, low-sodium, high calcium
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When assessing a patient's risk factors for chronic kidney failure, the nurse would be most concerned when the patient reports
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Poorly controlled diabetes
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