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60 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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An injection of synthetic antibodies imparts active immunity. True/false |
false |
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Interferon is a group of hormonlike peptides that cells produce in response to __________. |
viruses |
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A primary immune response ____________, and a secondary immune response ____________. |
produce antibodies within five to ten days of exposure to antigens; antibodies within a day or two of a subsequent exposure to the same antigen. |
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A virus differs from other pathogens in that it is ____________________. |
not capable of reproduction outside a living cell. |
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Immunoglobulin A is abundant in endocrine gland secretions. true/false |
false |
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innate defenses are _________________. |
fast and non specific |
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Which of the following is not a mechanical barrier? Tears Saliva Urine Diarrhea |
Diarrhea |
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Plasma cells _____________. |
produce antibody molecules |
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T lymphocytes are responsible for ___________. |
cell-mediated immunity |
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As a result of allergen-antibody reaction, mast cells release histamine. true/false |
true |
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T lymphocytes mature in the thymus in response to __________. |
thymosins |
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which of the following is part of the adaptive immune response? production of antibodies inflammation phagocytosis synthesis of defensins |
production of antibodies |
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A newborn is protected against certain digestive and respiratory infectious thanks to IgA from the mother's. |
milk |
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Older red blood cells may be destroyed in the spleen. true/false |
true |
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An antigen is _________, whereas an antibody is ___________. |
a foreign substance such as a protein or a polysaccharide to which lymphocytes respond; globular protein that reacts with an antigen to eliminate the antigen. |
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Cells in a lymph node that engulf and destroy damaged cells, foreign substances and cellular debris are _______________. |
macrophages |
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B cells divide and differentiate into _______ which produce and secrete antibodies. |
plasma cells |
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Inflammation is a response to ___________. |
ultraviolet light, infection, chemical exposure |
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In an autoimmune disease, the immune response is directed toward ____________. |
cells of the body ("self") |
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In cellular immune response _______________. |
T cells attach directly to antigens and destroy them. |
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Newborns can acquire ________ immunity through breast milk. |
passive |
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Drug used to reduce the tissue rejection reaction following the transplantation of tissue from one person to another __________. |
reduce the recipient's immune response |
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A vaccine produces its effects by |
stimulating a primary immune response |
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Which of the following is an autoimmune disease? Type 1 diabetes mellitus Multiple sclerosis Juvenile rheumatoid arthritis All of the above |
All of the above |
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Normal immune responses require T and B lymphocytes. true/false |
true |
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Muscle contraction moves lymph through lymphatic vessels. true/false |
true |
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A transplant recipient's body rejects a transplanted organ because her _________ match that of the donor closely enough. |
major histocompatibillity complex |
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Two mechanical barriers to infection are interferon and inflammation. true/false |
false |
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Injections of gamma globulin are sometimes given to provide |
artificially acquired passive immunity |
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carbohydrates, proteins and fats are __________. |
macronutrients |
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Gallstones are usually composed of _________. |
cholesterol |
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Bile is composed of HCl, pepsin, mucus, and intrinsic factor. true/false |
false |
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The hormone secretin _____________. |
stimulates release of pancreatic juice. |
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The functions of saliva include ____________. |
moistening, binding and dissolving food particles; beginning chemical digestion of carbohydrates; and cleaning the teeth and mouth. |
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The teeth that best adapted for biting off hunks of food are the ______________. |
incisors |
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The correct sequence for the layers in the walls of the alimentary canal from innermost to outermost is the __________. |
mucosa, submucosa, muscular layer, serosa |
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The parietal cells of gastric glands secrete _______. |
hydrochloric acid |
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Chylomicrons transport dietary fats to ______ through the blood. |
muscle and adipose cells |
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The root canal of a tooth contains __________. |
blood vessels and nerves |
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The common hepatic duct and cyctic duct unite to form the __________. |
common bile duct |
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The _______ is the part of the digestive tract that has the most lymph nodules and bacteria. |
ileum |
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The pyloric sphincter serves as a valve that controls the movement of food between the esophagus and stomach. true/false |
false |
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functions of the liver include ______. |
maintaining blood glucose concentration, secretion of bile, formation of urea. |
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Bile salts function like detergents in that they ________. |
emulsify |
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gastrin, which stomach cells secrete, _______. |
increase secretion by gastric glands |
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A triglyceride consists of _______. |
glycerol and three fatty acids |
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_____ is a protein-digesting enzyme in pancreatic juice. |
trypsin |
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Bile salts function as digestive enzymes to break down fatty acids. true/false |
false |
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Gallstones may form if _________. |
bile is too concentrated |
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Heartburn is usually caused by the effects of gastric juice on the __________. |
esophagus |
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All of the enzymes that digest protein are _______. |
secreted in an inactive form. |
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The ______ is the layer of the alimentary canal that absorbs nutrients. |
mucosa |
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the liver _____. |
forms glucose from noncarbohydrates |
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Pancreatic digestive secretions are regulated by ____________. |
cholecystokinin |
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The hepatic duct connects the gallbladder to bile duct. true/false |
false |
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Ribose and deoxyribose are carbohydrates. true/false |
true |
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The alimentary canal extends, in its entirely, from _________. |
the mouth to anus |
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The tissues turning yellow (jaundice) is due to the accumulation of __________. |
bile pigments |
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One of the functions of the large intestines is to ___________. |
absorb ingested water |
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the stomach is C-shaped and extends from the duodenum to the spleen. true/false |
false |
