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38 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
Acid |
A proton donor (hydrogen ion - H+) that dissolves in water |
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Base |
A proton acceptor that produces hydroxide (OH-) in solution and only partially dissolves in water |
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Alkali |
A base that is soluble (is able to dissolve) in water |
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Strength |
How quickly an acid/alkali dissociates in water |
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Concentration |
The amount of water compared to the amount of ions in a substance |
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Atom |
The smallest particle of an element |
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Atomic Number |
The amount of protons OR electrons in an atom (# of protons = # of electrons) |
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Mass Number |
The amount of protons AND neutrons in an atom, is always the bigger number. |
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Ion |
"Atoms form ions by losing or gaining electrons to create a full stable valence shell". An ion is an atom with all of its shells completely full. |
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Proton |
A positively charged particle |
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Neutron |
A particle with no charge |
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Electron |
A negatively charged particle |
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Speed |
The rate at which an object travels in a certain amount of time |
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Deceleration / Acceleration |
The rate at which an object changes it speed |
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Mass |
The amount of matter in an object |
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Weight |
The forces acting on an object due to gravity |
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Friction Force (Drag) |
The force that opposes motion |
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Conductors |
Substances that allow the flow of charged particles through them. E.g: Metals (copper, platinum) |
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Insulators |
Substances that do not allow the flow of electrons through them. E.g: Plastic, wood |
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Current |
The flow of electric charge (electrons) in a conductor (I). The measure of current flow is the Ampere (Amp/A) |
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Coulomb |
The unit of electric charge (C) |
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Voltage |
The measure of the electrical potential energy difference between any two points in a circuit (V). Is measured in Volts. |
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Resistance |
The measure of how a component in a circuit resists the flow of electrons ( R ). Is measured in Ohms (Ω). |
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Variation |
The differences between individuals in a population |
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Acquired Characteristic |
Characteristics that are caused by an environment |
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Inherited Characteristic |
Characteristics that are cause by alleles from parents |
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Gamete |
Sex cell (egg- female sperm- male) |
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Zygote |
A fertilised sex cell |
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Embryo |
A divided zygote |
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Gene |
Section of a chromosome that holds the genetic code for one characteristic |
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Allele |
Variation of a gene that holds the genetic code for a trait |
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Cell |
Smallest part of a living organism E.g: red blood cell, nerve cell |
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Tissue |
A group of specialised cells that carry out a particular job. E.g: muscle tissue, nerve tissue |
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Organelle |
Small part of a cell with a particular job to do E.g: necleus |
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Organ |
A group of different tissues that work together to carry out a job in a system. E.g: heart, brain |
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Organ System |
A group of different organs that work together to carry out a specific life process. E.g: respiration system, circulatory system |
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Breathing |
Inhaling and exhaling air, occurs in lungs |
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Respiration |
The process of making energy, occurs in cells |