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24 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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where and what degrades the medium chain fatty acids that one finds in human milk
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the stomach
gastric lipase AND lingual lipase |
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what cleaves pepsinogen to pepsin
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strong acid
AND already activated pepsin |
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pepsin
endo or exopeptidase |
endopeptidase
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the two enzymes intestinal cells release when chyme arrives from the stomach
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secretin (in response to acid)
cholecystokinin (in response to lipids and amino acids) |
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what do the vagal afferents in the duodenum monitor
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osmolality
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CKK does things
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initiates gallbladder emptying
initiates pancreatic enzyme secretion inhibits gastric motility activates enteropeptidase |
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secretin causes
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bicarbonate excretion from the pancreas
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the pancreas has beta cells (glucagon), alpha cells (insulin) and delta cells (________ )
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somatostatin
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pancreatic alpha amylase turns oligosacharides into
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dissacharides
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trypsinogen is activated to trypsin in the lumen of the duodenum by
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enteropeptidase
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3 fine things bile salts accomplish
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transport of cholesterol from liver to the duodenum
emulsification of dietary lipids uptake of products of lipid digestion into intestinal epithelia |
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pancreatic lipase is secreted with
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pro-colipase
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whats lysophosphatidylcholine gonna do
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emulsify lipids with the bile salts
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what cleaves procolipase
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trypsin
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is trypsin itself proteolytic
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yes
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decrease of bile salts and phosphatidylcholine in bile
or increased biliary secretion of cholesterol |
can lead to gallstones
Cholethiasis |
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the 2 components of lactose
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glucose
galactose |
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some causes of secondary lactose intolerance
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damaged or lost intestinal mucosa cells
celiac disease (immune-mediated response to gluten) severe diarrhea or gastroenteritis, ie. rotovirus |
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mechanism of glucose and galactose transport into intestinal epithelial cells
which transporter |
SGLT
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most amino acid transporters (into intestinal epithelia) are of what type
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sodium dependent cotransporters
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the components of TAG (re)synthesis is intestinal mucosal cells
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a monoacylglycerol
two fatty acyl-coA |
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what immediately happens to free fatty acids that enter the intestinal epithelial cells
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immediately converted to fatty acyl-coA
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steatorrhea
what it is and four causes |
fatty feces
lack of conjugated bile salts defective pancreatic juice defective mucosal cells shortened bowel |
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what does colipase do
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colipase separates the bile salts from the lipid droplet
and anchors pancreatic lipase on the lipid-water interfac |
