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35 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Which of the following would change the gene frequencies of a population?
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Tall People in a population marry other tall people and do not marry people who are short or average height
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Which of the following would be a cause of microevolution?
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A. A flood kills almost all the wild strawberry plants in a particular area
B. The largest and strongest male lion chases away other males and is the only male to mate with females to produce offspring C. Wolves are moved from Canada and introduced into the wild in Wyoming D.All of these choices can lead to microevolution. |
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A certain species of butterfly in colors ranging from white to dark blue is found. The birds found in the same area feed on the white or lightly colored butterflies, leaving butterflies that are darkly colored. This is an example of:
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C. Directional Selection
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Which of the following is/are a biological "population"?
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A. all the corn plants in a cornfield
B. all of the variable-colored ladybird beetles of the species Harmonia axyridis in a forest C. all male and female English sparrows that reside in your community D. all of the human population of a rural western town E. All of these choices are correct |
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What is the term used to describe the accumulation of small changes in the gene pool of a species over time?
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C. Microevolution
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WHich of these conditions is NOT among the requirements of he Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium?
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C. small population with genetic drift
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If the Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium is met, what is the net effect?
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D. No evolution because the alleles in the population remain the same
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A student proposes that left-handedness is a recessive trait that is there fore hidden in much of the human population. A survey of 36 students finds that 27 (0.75) are right-handed and 9 (0.25) are left-handed. Using the Hardy-Weinberg formula what would the expected genotype be?
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C. 0.25 right handed homozygous, 0.50 heterozygous, and 0.25 recessive homozygous for a 0.5 allele frequency for each allele
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Another student proposes that handedness could just as easily be passed to children by how their parents carry and interat with it, a learning process that may perpetuate that parents handedness. Assuming all parents and children are expressing their true handedness, the occurance of which below would cast the most serious doubt on a simple genetic basis for handedness recessive?
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B. 2 left-handed parents have a right-handed child
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A random alteration in the sequence DNA nucleotides that provides a new variant allele is...
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A. Gene Mutation
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Which of the following reflects the like presence of a gene mutation?
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A. fruit flies subjected to intense radiation breed a wider array of variable offspring
B. a chemical leaking from the surface of an abandoned coal mine alters a regulatory gene so that a cricket nymph develops an extra set of eyes C.Bacteria that causes gonorrhea have previously been killed by penicillin, however, after continuous use of antibiotics, penicillin resistant strains are becoming prevalent D. Radiation cause an alteration in DNA E. All of these choices are correct |
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Drug resistant mutations occur in bacteria...
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C. at any time, even when they are not exposed to the drug
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A mutation to a ____ form is more likely to be recognized than any other because _____.
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E. Harmful, species are already well adapted and few beneficial changes are possible-but many damaging changes are possible and cause death or poor adaption by the individual.
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Which of the following conditions contributes to evolution?
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A. mutations
B. gene flow C. genetic drift D. natural selection E. all of these choices are correct |
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The most common source of genetic variation in sexually reproducing organisms is...
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B. recombination of alleles
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If the mutation rate of individual genes is taken to be about 1 in 100,000 genes per cycle across many organisms, we might expect evolution to process at an even rate for various forms of life. Which factor could make the accumulation of gene mutations faster or slower among different organisms?
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A. organisms w/ more genes will be more likely have more mutations per gene
B. more selection of mutations can occur in a short period of time for bacteria that replicate each ten minutes that for humans with a 20 year span C. organisms vary in proportion of DNA that is active in the percent of loci that have multiple alleles |
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Our domesticated honey bee-originally from Europe is slow to sting, requires abundant flower nectar, gets up late in the morning, and stores much honey but only produces enough new brood to swarm once a year. How would this be explained in evolutionary genetics terms?
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D. Gene flow is occurring between these subspecies but the African bee is "ecologically better"
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Occasionally, "living fossils" such as the coelacanth are found; these organisms changed from their ancestors preserved in rock strata many millions of years ago. Such organisms occur in ocean deeps and in soil and in dessert environments that change less often over time. This is an indication that...
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A. although gene mutations may be common, there may be little selection among individuals already well adapted to a uniform environment
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Social research indicated that a person is most likely to marry someone from the same village or city, or a high school or college classmate. Therefore, the Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium does not apply well to human populations because...
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C. individuals are not pairing up by chance across the whole population, and genetic drift is more likely to change these frequencies
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Which statement is NOT true about Nonrandom Mating?
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B. Inbreeding is a change in allele frequencies that increase the proportion of heterozygotes in the population.
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If 2 adjacent populations of the same species show gene flow, then the two populations will...
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A. become more similar in their gene pools
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Which of the following is true about genetic drift?
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B. It may lead to an allele's becoming fixed in a population when its alternative allele is lost from the population.
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Which statement is NOT true about the Founder Effect?
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D. The founder effect occurs when a population is subjected to near extinction and then recovers so that only a few alleles are left in survivors
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If Viking explorers in Greenland and North America had survived and become the main ancestors of early North American settlers, rather than the mixture of immigrants from across Europe and other countries, today there would be a much higher incidence of Nordic traits in the U.S. population. Such a scenario would demonstrate...
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B. The Founder Effect
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In the case of the peppered moths in England, he was verifying which factor involved in evolution by natural selection?
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D. some individuals are better adapted to the environment
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Which of the following is required for natural selection to occur in a population?
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A. variation in population
B. inheritance of variation through genetic differences C. differential reproduction so that more fit individuals have more offspring D. accumulation of adaptive traits so that they increase in the population E. All of these choices are correct |
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Which of the following would result in reproductive isolation?
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E. All of these choices are correct
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An insect population lives along the edge of a north south mountain range. The populations from east and west slope eventually join in a low northern pass and interbreed, producing fertile offspring, but they do not circle around the southern edge because of the dessert barrier. These insects:
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D. were originally one species but are now two species
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An insect population lives along the edge of a north south mountain range. The populations from east and west slope eventually join in a low northern pass and interbreed, producing fertile offspring, but they do not circle around the southern edge because of the dessert barrier. Insect populations on the mountain slopes were...
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D. First Sympatric, then Allopatric, then Sympatric
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In the case of Darwin's finches, the finches did NOT undergo adaptive radiation back on the mainland. What is the most plausible biological explanation?
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B. Competition from many other bird species on the mainland provided stabilizing selection that was absent on the islands
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While we have seen how natural selection and the use of pesticides can lead to the development of resistant varieties of insects. The critical factor is that the female of the species only mates once. But which of the following is/are also necessary for sterile release to work?
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A. the target species is truly just one species
B. the insect can be raised artificially in large #'s C. insects to be released can be sterilized with radiation without affecting their ability to attract a mate in the wild D. All of these choices are correct |
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Through out the chapter, a wide range of evidence has been brought together to describe what constitutes a a species. From all of this you can conclude that...
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E. None of these choices are correct
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Based on the texts coverage of rate of mutation, adaptive radiation, etc., you can conlude that the rate of evolution progresses at...
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D. an uneven rate and would produce different outcome if "re-run"
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Reproductive isolation mechanisms for a species include all of the following except?
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A. Habitat isolation
B. temporal isolation of reproduction C. mechanical isolation of copulation D. hybrid sterility E. ALL of these choices are correct |
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Microevolution is due to
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A. genetic flow
B. gene mutations C. genetic drift D. non-random matin E. all of these choices applies |
