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20 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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What are the principles of BLOA? |
- There are biological correlates of behaviour. - Animal research can provide insight into human behaviour. -Human behaviour is, to some extent, genetically based. |
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Name a study that demonstrates principle 1 in BLOA: (There are biological correlates of behaviour) |
Newcomer et al. (1999) Cortisol AIM: To test the effect of the stress hormone cortisol on verbal declarative memory. PROCEDURE: Group 1 (high dose): 160 mg tablets --> 4 days Group 2 (low dose): 40 mg tablets --> 4 days Group 3 (control): placibo tablets --> 4 days Participants had to listen to a prose text and recite it afterwards. RESULTS: group 1 showed worst results. which proves the principle |
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Name a study that demonstrates principle 2 in BLOA: (Animal research can provide insight into human behaviour.) |
Rosenweig and Bennet (1972) Rats AIM: To investigate the role of environmental factors on brain plasticity. PROCEDURE: Group 1: cage with toys Group 2: cage with no toys They spent 30-60 days before being killed. RESULTS: Their brains were analysed and group 1 showed a thicker layer of neurons in the cortex. |
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Name a study that demonstrates principle 3 in BLOA: (Human behaviour is, to some extent, genetically based.) |
Bouchard et al. (1990) Minnesota twin study AIM: To investigate the relative role of genes in IQ. PROCEDURE: Participants were monozygotic twins that had either grown up together or grown up apart MZA --> had a concordance rate 76% MZT --> had a concordance rate of 86% RESULTS: This shows the role of genetic inheritance, but does not rule out environmental influences |
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Examine one study related to localisation of function in the brain |
Case study of H.M. Scouville and Milner (1957): They first reported the case of H.M. along with profound effects on memory function, following the partial removal of his hippocampus |
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Explain, using two or more examples, the effects of neurotransmission on human behaviour |
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Explain, using two or more examples, the function of two hormones on human behaviour |
Cortisol and memory Newcomer et al. (1999) Cortisol AIM: To test the effect of the stress hormone cortisol on verbal declarative memory. PROCEDURE: Group 1 (high dose): 160 mg tablets --> 4 days Group 2 (low dose): 40 mg tablets --> 4 days Group 3 (control): placibo tablets --> 4 days Participants had to listen to a prose text and recite it afterwards. RESULTS: group 1 showed worst results. which proves the principle Oxytosin and trust |
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Discuss two effects of the environmental on physiological processes |
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Examine one interaction between cognition and physiology in terms of behaviour |
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Discuss the use of brain-imaging technologies in investigating the relationship between biological factors and behaviour |
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Discuss the extent to which genetics influences behaviour |
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Examine one evolutionary explanation of behaiour |
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Discuss ethical considerations in research into genetic influences on behaviour |
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Davidson et al. (2004) |
Aim: to see if meditation could change brain activity and/or change the brain structurally Procedure: He performed an EEG scan on 10 monks and 8 students who had meditated for a week. Results: The monks had a much more organised and higher amounts of gamma wave activity. the students brain gamma thingy also increased. |
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Hutchings and Mendick (1975) |
Aim: To test the effect of genetics on criminal behaviour Procedure: empirically-based research Results: If both biological parents had criminal records, 1/3 of the sons would also have criminal records. I only the father, it was 1/5. If it was adoptive father it was 11% of sons. |
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Santilla et al. (2008) |
Aim: To study the effects of genetics on homosexual behavioral tendencies Procedure: 6000 female twins and 3000 male twins responded to a questionnaire with questions about same-sex contact the previous year and if they would have intercourse with an attractive same sex individual. Results: 3% of men and 1% of women said yes to the first question. However, 2/3 of women and 1/3 of men answered yes to the second question. MZ twins and DZ twins concordance was the same for the first question, but Female Mz twins showed a much higher concordance level for the 2nd question. |
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Wedekind (1995) |
Theory which explains the desire to produce healthy children is an evolutionary-based, unconscious factor in our behaviour when it comes to choosing a partner. |
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Amnesia |
The inability to learn new information, and retrieve previously stored memories. Anterograde amnesia: no memory retrieval after brain damage Retrograde amnesia: no memory retrieval before brain damage |
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Perry (1997) |
Compared the brain scans of three-year olds with normal human interaction and those suffering extreme neglect Results: neglect babies had smaller brains |
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Avery et al. (2001) |
Aim: to demonstrate the function of melatonin in the behaviours of 95 SAD patients Group 1: artificial-light-produced false dawn at 4.:30 Group 2: bright light therapy Group 3: placebo red light at dawn Results: Group 1: Were able to fit their sleeping patterns by stopping Group 2: |
