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25 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
Proton
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Carries a postive charge, or a defined amount of electricity. (P+). Relates to Atomic #.
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Neutrons
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Has no charge and is part of the nucleus.
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Electrons
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Has a negative charge
(E-). Are always across from one another and attracted to protons but arre repelled by neutrons. |
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Atomic Number
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Number of protons in the nucleus of its atoms.
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Mass Number
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Equal to the number of protons and neutrons.
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Dmitry Mendeleev
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1869, arranged the known elements into a repeating pattern based on their chemicla properties(Periodic Table).
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Inert Elements
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Vertical column farthest to the right. They have none of their electrons is available for chemical interaction. (Solitary atoms)
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Isotope's Mass Number
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A superscript number to the left of an element's symbol.
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Radioactive Decay
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A radioactive atom spontaneously emits energy as subatomic particles and x-rays when its nucleus disintegrates; transforms one element into another.
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Isotopes
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Atoms with the same number of protons but a different number of neutrons.
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Energy from radioactive decay:
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It helps us track the molecule of interest with instruments that detect radioactivity.
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Radioistotopes
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Are used in medicine; Uses PET (Positron-Emission Tomography) to form images of body tissues.
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Chemical Bonding
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Atoms that have vacancies in the outermost "shell" tend to give up, acquire, or share electrons with other atoms.
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TRUE/FALSE
Atoms with zero vacancies rarely bond with other atoms. |
True
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Molecule
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Is simply two or more atoms of thesame or different elementsjoined in a chemincal bond.
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Compounds
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Are molecules that consist of two or more different elements in proportions that never do vary.
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Mixture
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Two or more molecules intermingle without chemically bonding.
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Ion
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Atom that has either a positive or negative charge
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Ionic Bond
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When two resulting ions may stay close together because they have opposite charges that attract each other. One atom donates and extra electron that the other accepts.
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Covalent Bond
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Atoms that share a pair of electrons. They are stable and much stronger than ionic bonds.
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TRUE/FALSE
A single line that connects two atoms in a structural formula represents two shared electrons in one colvalent bond |
TRUE
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Nonpolar Covalent Bond
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Two identical atoms share electrons equally, and the moleculre shows no difference in charge.
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Polar Covalent Bond
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Bond that forms betwwen atoms of different elements. One of the atoms pulls the shared electrons a little toward one end of the bond; slight negative charge.
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Hydrogen Bond
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When the negatively charged atom is bound to a different molecule or to a different part of the same molecule, the interaction between it and the hydrogen atom; weak; play crucial roles in structure and function of biological molecules; breaks easily
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Hydrophilic (Water loving)
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?
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