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23 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
- 3rd side (hint)
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multiple allele
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one of a number of different alleles (more than two alternatives) that can be found on a particular gene
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多等位基因
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polygenic inheritance
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characteristics which are inherited throught the interaction of several different genes
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多基因遗传
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epistasis
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when one gene in a polygenic trait alters or affects the expression of another gene
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上位效应
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agouti
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coat coloring eg in cats
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条纹
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Barr body
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mass of inactivated X chromosome in cells of female mammals
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巴尔体
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lac operon
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cluster of genes involved with the production of lactose in bacterial cells
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乳糖操纵元
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discontinuous variation
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variation shown by features which are either present or not.
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不连续差异
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continuous variation
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a feature that shows many small variations
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连续差异
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frequency distribution
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representation of the frequency at which a particular characteristic is found in a population
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频率分布
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normal distribution curve
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bell-shaped curve of a feature showing continuous variation in a population
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正态分布曲线
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standard deviation
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a statistical measure of amount of difference from the mean within a sample
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标准差
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monoamine oxidase A (MAOA)
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enzyme found in nervous system, liver and gut that breaks down monoamine neurotransmitters.
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单胺氧化酶（MAOA基因）
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neurotransmitter
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chemical involved in transmitting nerve impulses across the synapses (突触)of the nervous system
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神经递质
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serotonin
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monoamine neurotransmitter, released when the blood vessels are damaged which causes the smooth muscles to contract, narrowing the blood vessel and reducing bleeding
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血清素
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noradrenaline
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a monoamine neurotransmitter
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去甲肾上腺素
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dopamine
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monoamine neurotransmitter
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多巴胺
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metastasis
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splitting of a malignant tumour to form secondary growths
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转移
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malignant
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a tumour which invades surrounding tissues and splits to form secondary tumours
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恶性肿瘤
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papillomavirus
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乳头状瘤病毒
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proto-oncogene
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gene which codes for proteins which stimulate the cell cycle
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原癌基因
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oncogene
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gene that causes the production of uncontrolled amounts of proteins which stimulate the cell cycle and in turn cause uncontrolled cell replication
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癌基因
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tumour suppressor gene
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gene which slows down the cell cycle and reduces the rate of cell division
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抑癌基因
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melanoma
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cancer of the cells that produce the pigment melanin
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恶性黑色素瘤
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