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66 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Habitat
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The environment in which can organism lives |
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Adaptations
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Structural, physical, behavioural and reproductive characteristics enable organisms to obtain their requirements and increase chance of survival |
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Biota
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Biosphere |
Narrow belt around the earth containing all of the earths living organisms
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Biotic |
Living components of an ecosytem |
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Abiotic |
Non-living components of an ecosytem |
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Optimum range |
Conditions where a species is able to perform at its bestt |
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Physiological |
Stress which affects it physicals functions |
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Niche
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The part of an environment in which a species survives, reproduced and is likely persist |
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Community |
Populations of different organisms that live and interact together |
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Biodiversity
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The variety of different living things: the different plants, animals and micro-organisms, their genes and the ecosystem of which they a part |
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Ecology |
The study of the relationships of organisms with one another and with their environment |
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Ecosystem |
A community together with non-living factors it interacts with |
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Intraspecific |
Competition between organisms of the same species |
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Interspecific |
Competition between different species |
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Symbiosis |
When two species have a close relationship with one another |
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Parasitism |
When one organism is harmed by the presence of the other |
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Mutualism |
Where both species benefit from the relationship |
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Commensalism |
When one species benefits from the other but does not do it any harm |
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Producers |
An autotrophic organism that can synthesis organic matter from inorganic matter using energy from the sun or from chemical reactions |
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Photosynthesis |
The conversion of sunlight into usable energy |
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Chemosynthetic |
The synthesis of organic substances using energy from chemical reactions |
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Heterotrophics |
An organism that cannot synthesis its own organic compounds from inorganic material; it depends on other organisms for its nutrients and energy requirements |
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Consumers |
Any organism that cannot manufacture its own food, but depends on others for its food |
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Herbivores
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First order consumers that feed on plant organisms |
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Carnivores |
Organisms which feed on other animals |
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Omnivores |
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Scavengers |
Consumers that feed on dead and decaying flesh of remains |
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Zooplankton |
The collective term for the tiny heterotrophic organisms in bodies of water |
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Phytoplankton |
The collective term for the tiny photosynthetic organisms present in bodies of water |
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Detritivores
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An organism that feeds on small pieces of dead plant or animal matter |
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Bioaccumulation/Biomagnification |
Increased concentration of chemical in an organism compared to the environment |
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Biodegradable |
Something that has the capacity to break down |
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Growth rate
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The rate in which a population changes |
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Density |
The number of individuals of a population, in a given area or volume |
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Carrying capacity |
The maximum number of individuals of a given species that a site can support comfortably |
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Equilibrium population |
A population that stays constant |
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Fundamental niche
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The niche an organism can occupy if there were no competitors, predators of parasites present |
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Realized niche |
The actual niche an organism inhabits |
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Phytohormones |
Plant growth substances |
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Coleoptiles |
Sheath-like covering of young growth tips of plant |
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Auxin |
Major growth hormone controlling enlargement and elongation of cells |
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Phytochromes |
Pigments that plants use to detect light
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Photoperiodism
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Refers to the physiological reaction of organisms to the length of day or night |
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Vernalisation |
Flowering signalled after a period of cold |
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Short day plants |
Plants that only flower after exposure to short days |
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Long day plants
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Plants that only flower after exposure to long days |
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Tropism
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Growth movement in response to an unidirectional stimulus |
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Thigmotropism
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Growth movement in response to touch |
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Phototropism |
Growth movement in response to light, may be positive or negative |
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Geotropism |
Growth movement in response to gravity |
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Chemotropsim |
Growth response to the presence of particular chemicals |
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Homeostatis |
The maintenance of a relatively stable internal environment despite changes in the external environment |
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Cell body |
Includes nucleus, control center of the cell |
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Axon |
Extention that carries information away form the cell body to another neuron or tissue |
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Myelin sheath |
Acts like insulation around the axon. It speeds up transmission of impulse down the axon |
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Endotherms |
Animals which maintain a relatively stable body temperature regardless of the outside environmet
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Ectotherms |
Temperature which is dependent of external environment |
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Density dependent
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Factors that are influenced by the density of the population |
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Density Independent
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Factors that not influenced by the density of the population, they affect all individuals equally |
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Diurnal changes
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Daily changes |
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Climax community |
A community that is stable over time |
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Primary succession
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An ecosystem that develops in area that has not previously supported life |
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Secondary succesion |
Previously supported life |
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Vernalisation |
Stimulating response by exposure to cold. Can break dormancy |
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Nastic response |
Non directional response to a stimulus |
