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25 Cards in this Set

  • Front
  • Back
Atom
smallest unit of matter that can't be broken down by chemical means
element
substance composed of a single type of atom
compound
substance made of more than one kind of atom
molecule
group of atoms held together by covalent bonds
ion
electrically charged atom or molocule
cohesion
attraction between substances of the same kind
adhesion
attraction between different substances
solution
homogeneous mixture of two or more swubstances
acid
compound that increases the concentration of hydrogen ions in a solution
base
compound that reduces the number of hydrogen ions in a solution
carbohydrate
organic compound composed of carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen; used by living things as an energy source
monosaccharide
simple sugar that is the base of carbohydrates
lipid
one of a family of nonpolar organic molocules that are not soluable in water; includes fats, phospholipids, and steriods
protein
organic compund made of amino acids
amino acid
organic molocule that is the building blocks of protein
nucleic acid
organic molocule made of nucletides; store herdity information for cell function; RNA or DNA
nucleotide
subunit of nucleic acids consisting of a nitrogenous base, a sugar, and a phosphate group
DNA
deoxyribonucleic acid- double stranded, helical nucleic acid that stores herdity information
RNA
ribonucleic acid- type of nucleic acid involved in protein synthesis
ATP
adenosine triphosphate- organic molocule composed of a base, a sugar, and three phosphate groups that acts as the main energy currency of cells
energy
capacity for doing work; the ability to move or change matter
activation energy
the amount of energy required to start a chemical reaction
enzyme
substance that speeds up a chemical reaction
substrate
substance on which an enzyme acts during a chemical reaction
active site
site on an enzyme that attaches to a substrate