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11 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
Explain how a sponge obtains food.
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Sponges are filter feeders. They take water in and filter out the food.
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Explain how epithelial-like cells control filter feeding in sponges.
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Epithelial-like cells can contract and relax. This opens and closes pore cells
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Compare and contrast sexual and asexual reproduction of sponges.
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Sexual reproduction- sperm from another sponge of the same species enters with water, travels to eggs where fertilization occurs; zygotes develop into larvae, which leave the sponge and eventually settle on a surface, then they develop into adult sponges. Forms of asexual reproduction in sponges produce clones of the original sponge.
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Describe the functions of amoebocytes in sponges.
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Amoebocytes carry food from collar cells to all body cells, carry sperm to eggs, and produce chemicals that help make up spicules.
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Infer why hermaphrodism is a reproductive advantage for sessile organisms.
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In sessile or slow-moving organisms, hermaphrodism increases the chances that eggs and sperm can unite to continue the species.
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Compare and evaluate the adaptations of multicellular organisms, such as sponges, and unicellular organisms for obtaining food.
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Division of labor among cells enables an organism to carry out life functions more efficiently than one cell can.
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List the sponge structures and their functions.
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collar cells- has flagellum that draws water into the sponge; epithelial-like cells open and close the pores; pore cells- allow water carrying food and oxygen into the sponge; amoebocytes carry nutrients to other cells, carry sperm eggs, and produce chemicals that make up the spicules; spicules- protection; and osculum- water and waste expelled
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method in which food particles are filtered from water as it passes by or through some part of the organism.
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filter feeding
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an animal that can produce both eggs and sperm.
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hermaphrodite
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fertilization that occurs outside the animal's body
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external fertilization
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fertilization that occurs inside the female's body.
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internal fertilization
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